Czechoslovakia

Czechoslovakia Československo, Česko-Slovensko
1918–1992
Flag since 1920 Coat of arms in 1990–1992 ng Czechoslovakia Coat of arms in 1990–1992
Salawikain: Tseko: Pravda vítězí ("Truth prevails"; 1918–1990) Latin: Veritas Vincit ("Truth prevails"; 1990–1992)
Awiting Pambansa: Kde domov můj and Nad Tatrou sa blýska
Kabisera	Prague (Praha)
Karaniwang wika	Czech and Slovak
Pamahalaan	Republic
President
• 1918–1935	Tomáš G. Masaryk (first)
• 1989–1992	Václav Havel (last)
Prime Minister
• 1918–1919	Karel Kramář
• 1992	Jan Stráský
Kasaysayan
• Independence from Austria–Hungary	28 October 1918
• German occupation	1939
• Liberation	1945
• Dissolution of Czechoslovakia	31 December 1992
Lawak
1921	140,446 km2 (54,227 mi kuw)
1993	127,900 km2 (49,400 mi kuw)
Populasyon
• 1921	13607385
• 1993	15600000
Salapi	Czechoslovak koruna
Kodigong pantelepono	42
Internet TLD	.cs
Pinalitan Pumalit Austria–Hungary Czech Republic Slovakia Zakarpattia Oblast#History
Current ISO 3166-3 code:        CSHH The calling code 42 was retired in Winter 1997. The number range was subdivided, and re-allocated amongst Czech Republic, Slovakia and Liechtenstein.

Ang Czechoslovakia o Czecho-Slovakia (Czech at Slovak: Československo, Česko-Slovensko) ay isang estadong soberano sa Gitnang Europa na nabuhay mula noong Oktubre 1918, na kung saan ay idineklara nito ang pagiging malaya sa Imperyong Austro-Hungarian, hanggang 1992. Mula noong 1939 hanggang 1945, ang estado ay hindi nakakuha ng de facto pagkabuhay, dahil sa dibisyong militar at pakikisali sa Nazi Germany, subalit ang Czechoslovak government-in-exile ay hindi man lang tumuloy sa panahong ito.. Noong 1945 ang silangang bahagi ng Carpathian Ruthenia ay nakuha ng Unyong Sobyet. Noong 1 Enero 1993, ang Czechoslovakia ay payapang nahati sa Czech Republic at Slovakia.

Malayuang Pagbabasa

• Heimann, Mary. Czechoslovakia: The State That Failed (2009). the best scholarly history in English, but with a negative tone stressing maltreatment of minorities.
• Hermann, A. H. A History of the Czechs (1975)
• Kalvoda, Josef. The Genesis of Czechoslovakia (1986)
• Leff, Carol Skalnick. National Conflict in Czechoslovakia: The Making and Remaking of a State, 1918-87 (1988)
• Mantey, Victor. A History of the Czechoslovak Republic (1973)
• Myant, Martin. The Czechoslovak Economy, 1948-88 (1989)
• Naimark, Norman, and Leonid Gibianskii, eds. The Establishment of Communist Regimes in Eastern Europe, 1944-1949 (1997) online edition
• Paul, David. Czechoslovakia: Profile of a Socialist Republic at the Crossroads of Europe (1990)
• Renner, Hans. A History of Czechoslovakia since 1945 (1989);
• Seton-Watson, R. W. A History of the Czechs and Slovaks (1943)
• Stone, Norman, and E. Strouhal, eds.Czechoslovakia: Crossroads and Crises, 1918-88 (1989)
• Wheaton, Bernard; Zdenek Kavav. "The Velvet Revolution: Czechoslovakia, 1988-1991". (1992).
• Wolchik, Sharon L. Czechoslovakia: Politics, Society, and Economics (1990)
• online books and articles

Ugnay Panlabas

• U.S. Library of Congress Country Studies, "Czechoslovakia" in public domain
• Soviet Invasion of 1968

• Orders and Medals of Czechoslovakia including Order of the White Lion (in English and Czech)
• Czechoslovakia-The First Czechoslovak Republic
• Andropov to the Central Committee, about the Demonstration in Red Square Against the Warsaw Pact Invasion of Czechoslovakia, September 20, 1968. Andrei Sakharov KGB file, Archieve posted at the Yale University, http://www.yale.edu/annals/sakharov/documents_frames/Sakharov_008.htm
• Hungarian Language Map, border changes after the creation of Czechoslovakia
• Map
• Map