Tingnan ang wikitext ng California

{{Infobox U.S. state |
 Name = California |
 Former = Republika ng California|
 Former_flag = Original Todd bear flag.jpg |
  Fullname = Estado ng California| 
 Flag = Flag of California.svg |
 Flaglink = [[Watawat ng California]] |
 image_seal = Seal of California.svg |
 Map = Map_of_USA_CA.svg{{!}}250px |
 Nickname = Ang Ginintuang Estado |
 Motto = [[Eureka (word)|Eureka]]<ref name="motto">{{cite web |url=http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/cgi-bin/displaycode?section=gov&group=00001-01000&file=420-429.8 |title=GOVERNMENT CODE SECTION 420-429.8 |accessdate=2007-02-26 |work=Official California Legislative Information |archive-date=2009-06-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090628233244/http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/cgi-bin/displaycode?section=gov&group=00001-01000&file=420-429.8 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
 Capital = [[Sacramento, California|Sacramento]] |
 OfficialLang = [[English language|Ingles]] |
 LargestCity = [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]] |
 LargestCounty = [[San Bernardino, California]]
 Other Cities = [[San Francisco]], [[San Diego]], [[San Jose]], [[Oakland]], [[Long Beach]] |
 Governor = {{#statements:P6}}|
 Senators = [[Dianne Feinstein]] (D)<br />[[Barbara Boxer]] (D) |
 PostalAbbreviation = CA |
 TradAbbreviation = Calif. |
 AreaRank = 3<sup>rd</sup> |
 TotalArea = 410,000 |
 TotalAreaUS = 158,302 |
 LandArea = 404,288 |
 LandAreaUS = 156,100 |
 WaterArea = 20,047 |
 WaterAreaUS = 7,740 |
 PCWater = 4.7 |
 PCForest = 35 |
 PCDesert = 25 |
 PopRank = 1<sup>st</sup> |
 2006Pop (calc) = 36,842,934 |
 2000Pop = 33,871,648 |
 2004Pop (est) = 35,893,799 |
 2003Pop = 35,484,453 |
 2005Pop (est) = 36,132,147 |
 DensityRank = 12<sup>th</sup> |
 2000Density = 83.85 |
 2000DensityUS = 217.2 |
 MedianHouseholdIncome = $49,894 |
 IncomeRank = 13<sup>th</sup> |
 AdmittanceOrder = 31<sup>st</sup> |
 AdmittanceDate = 9 Setyembre 1850 |
 TimeZone = [[Pacific Time Zone|Pacific]]: [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]]-8/[[Daylight saving time|-7]] |
 Latitude = 32°30'N to 42°N |
 Longitude = 114°8'W to 124°24'W |
 Width = 400 |
 WidthUS = 250 |
 Length = 1,240 |
 LengthUS = 770 |
 HighestPoint = [[Mount Whitney]]<ref name=usgs>{{cite web| year =29 Abril 2005| url =http://erg.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html#Highest| title =Elevations and Distances in the United States| publisher =U.S Geological Survey| accessdate =3 Nobyembre 2006| archive-date =6 Oktubre 2008| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20081006105354/http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html#Highest| url-status =dead}}</ref> |
 HighestElev = 4,421 |
 HighestElevUS = 14,505 |
 MeanElev = 884 |
 MeanElevUS = 2,900 |
 LowestPoint = [[Death Valley]]<ref name="usgs" /> |
 LowestElev = -86 |
 LowestElevUS = -282 |
 ISOCode = US-CA |
 Website = www.ca.gov
|image_flag=Flag of California.svg}}
Ang '''California''' /ka·li·for·nya/ ay isang [[estado]] na matatagpuan sa kanlurang pampang ng [[Estados Unidos]]. Ito ang pinakamataong estado sa Estados Unidos, at kung magiging independeng [[bansa]], magiging pang-anim sa pinamalaking [[ekonomiya]] sa buong mundo, pagkatapos ng [[Pransiya]] na halos magkalapit lamang at nilagpasan ang lahat ng mga pinagsamang bansa. Marahil ang pinaka-ibang estado sa bansa sa pisikal at demograpikal na anyo, "Ang Ginintuang Estado" o ''The Golden State'' ang kanyang opisyal na palayaw. Kadalasang inaakalang pantukoy sa ''Gold Rush'' (Dagsa ng Ginto) ng California noong 1849 ngunit sa katotohanan tumutukoy ito sa mga natural na [[damo]] na nagiging ginto ang kulay tuwing panahon ng tag-araw. '''CA''' ang opisyal na daglat pangkoreo ng California, at sa Associated Press, '''Calif.''' naman ang daglat nito.

==Pinagmulan ng pangalan==
Orihinal na tumutukoy ang salitang ''California'' sa buong rehiyon na bumubuo sa Tangway ng Baja California ng Mehiko, at ng mga kasalukuyang mga estado ng California, [[Nevada]], at ng [[Utah]], at ilang bahagi ng [[Arizona]], [[Bagong Mehiko]] at [[Wyoming]].

Mas kadalasang pinaniniwalaan na ang ''California'' ay hango sa isang kathang-isip na paraiso na tinitirahan ng mga [[Amasona]] na pinamumunuan ni Reyna [[Calafia]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Putnam|first=Ruth|editor=Herbert Ingram Priestley|title=California: the name|url=http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924008278347|year=1917|publisher=University of California|location=Berkeley|pages=356–361|chapter=Appendix A: Etymology of the Word "California": Surmises and Usage}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Vogeley|first=Nancy|date=20 Abril 2001|title=How Chivalry Formed the Myth of California|journal=Modern Language Quarterly|publisher=University of Washington|volume=62|issue=2|pages=165–188|url=http://mlq.dukejournals.org/cgi/pdf_extract/62/2/165|doi=10.1215/00267929-62-2-165 |issn=0026-7929 }}</ref> Nakatala ang kuwento ni Calafia isang gawa noong 1510 na ''[[Las sergas de Esplandián|Ang mga Pagsasamantala ng Esplandian]]'', isinulat bilang kasunod ng ''[[Amadis de Gaula]]'' ng Kastilang manunulat at abentura na si [[Garci Rodríguez de Montalvo]].<ref name=cpn>Gudde, Erwin G. and William Bright. 2004. California Place Names: The Origin and Etymology of Current Geographical Names. p.59–60</ref><ref name="Lavender 1987">{{cite book |last=Lavender |first=David |title=California: Land of New Beginnings |url=https://archive.org/details/californialandof0000lave |publisher=[[University of Nebraska Press]] |year=1987 |page=[https://archive.org/details/californialandof0000lave/page/27 27] |isbn=0-8032-7924-8 |oclc=15315566}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=california&searchmode=none |title=Online Etymology Dictionary |publisher=Etymonline.com |date=24 Hunyo 1957 |accessdate=2 Hulyo 2010}}</ref> Ayon kay Montalvo, isang malayong lupain ang kaharian ni Reyna Calafia, na tinitirahan ng mga [[gripon]] at ng iba pang mga kakaibang mga halimaw, at mayaman sa ginto.

Ika-5 ang salitang ''California'' sa mga lumang salitang panglugar ng mga Europeo sa Estados Unidos at dating ginagamit sa ngayong pinakatimog na dulo ng tangway ng Baja California bilang ''[[Pulo ng California]]'' ng mga Kastilang manlalayag na pinamumunuan ni Diego de Becerra at [[Fortún Ximénez]], na dumaong doon noong 1533 sa utos ni [[Hernán Cortés]].<ref name="Stewart 1945">{{cite book |title=Names on the Land: A Historical Account of Place-Naming in the United States |url=https://archive.org/details/namesofland0000unse |last= Stewart|first=George |authorlink=George R. Stewart|year=1945 |publisher= Random House|location=New York |pages= [https://archive.org/details/namesofland0000unse/page/11 11]–17}}</ref>

==Demograpiya==
===Mga pinakamalaking lungsod===
{{see also|Talaan ng mga lungsod at bayan sa California}}

May 482 mga [[:en:Municipal corporation|nasaping]] lungsod at bayan, kung saang 460 ay mga lungsod at 22 ay mga bayan. Sa ilalim ng batas ng California, ang mga katagang "''city''" at "''town''" ay malinaw na mapagpapalit; ang pangalan ng isang nasaping munisipalidad sa estado ay maaaring "''City of (Pangalan)''" o "''Town of (Pangalan)''".<ref name="Cal Gov Code 34502">{{cite web
  | title = CA Codes (gov:34500-34504)
  | publisher = California State Senate
  | url = http://info.sen.ca.gov/cgi-bin/displaycode?section=gov&group=34001-35000&file=34500-34504
  | accessdate = 29 Enero 2010
  | deadurl = yes
  | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20090827062453/http://info.sen.ca.gov/cgi-bin/displaycode?section=gov&group=34001-35000&file=34500-34504
  | archivedate = 27 Agosto 2009
  | df = mdy-all
  }}</ref>

Naging kauna-unahang nasaping lungsod ang [[Sacramento, California|Sacramento]] noong ika-27 ng Pebrero, 1850.<ref name="Sacramento Charter">{{cite web|url=http://www.library.ca.gov/goldrush/sec08.html |title=Instant City: Sacramento |publisher=[[California State Library]] |accessdate=29 Enero 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100128231357/http://www.library.ca.gov/goldrush/sec08.html |archivedate=28 Enero 2010 |df=mdy }}</ref> Magkatablang mga pangalawang nasaping lungsod ang [[San Jose, California|San Jose]], San Diego at [[Benicia, California|Benicia]], bawat isa ay nakatanggap ng pagiging lungsod na katayuan noong ika-27 ng Marso, 1850.<ref name="San Jose Inc">{{cite web |url=http://www.sanjoseca.gov/about.asp |title=San Jose at a Glance |publisher=City of San Jose |accessdate=29 Enero 2010 |archive-date=2010-04-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100423171200/http://www.sanjoseca.gov/about.asp |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="History of San Diego">{{cite web|title=A History of San Diego Government |url=http://www.sandiego.gov/city-clerk/geninfo/history.shtml |publisher=City of San Diego |accessdate=29 Enero 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100528081607/http://www.sandiego.gov/city-clerk/geninfo/history.shtml |archivedate=28 Mayo 2010 |df=mdy }}</ref><ref name="Benicia Inc">{{cite web | title = California State Parks: 1846 to 1854 | publisher = California State Parks  | date = 23 Mayo 2007 | url = http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=1096 | accessdate =January 29, 2010}}</ref> Ang [[Jurupa Valley, California|Jurupa Valley]] ay naging pinakahuling nasaping lungsod ng estado at ika-482 nasaping munisipalidad noong ika-1 ng Hulyo, 2011.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://newsletter.cacities.org/e_article002045084.cfm | title=Jurupa Valley Becomes California's 482nd City | publisher=League of California Cities | date=11 Marso 2011 | accessdate=21 Agosto 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120506030043/http://newsletter.cacities.org/e_article002045084.cfm|archive-date=6 Mayo 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.pe.com/localnews/riverside/stories/PE_News_Local_D_wcode15.40e71cc.html | title=JURUPA VALLEY: Rushing to meet a July 1 incorporation | first=Sandra | last=Stokley | publisher=[[The Press-Enterprise (California)|The Press-Enterprise]] | date=14 Hunyo 2011 | accessdate=21 Agosto 2011 }}{{dead link|date=Disyembre 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

Karamihan sa mga lungsod at bayan na ito ay nasa loob ng isa sa limang mga [[kalakhang pook]]: ang [[Los Angeles Metropolitan Area]], ang [[San Francisco Bay Area]], ang [[Riverside-San Bernardino Area]], ang [[San Diego metropolitan area]], o ang [[Sacramento metropolitan area]].

{{Largest cities
| name = Largest cities
| country = California
| stat_ref = Source:<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2015/SUB-EST2015.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160714141336/http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2015/SUB-EST2015.html |dead-url=yes |archive-date=14 Hulyo 2016 |title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015 |publisher=US Census |date=7 Mayo 2016 |accessdate=7 Enero 2017 }}</ref>
| list_by_pop =
| class = nav
| div_name =
| div_link = Mga kondado ng California{{!}}Kondado
| city_1 = Los Angeles, California{{!}}Los Angeles
| div_1 = Los Angeles County, California{{!}}Los Angeles
| pop_1 = 3,976,322
| img_1 = LA Skyline Mountains2.jpg
| city_2 = San Diego, California{{!}}San Diego
| div_2 = San Diego County, California{{!}}San Diego
| pop_2 = 1,406,630
| img_2 = SanDiegoNightSkyline.jpg
| city_3 = San Jose, California{{!}}San Jose
| div_3 = Santa Clara County, California{{!}}Santa Clara
| pop_3 = 1,025,350
| img_3 = SAN JOSE CALIFORNIA BAYAREA01.jpg
| city_4 = San Francisco, California{{!}}San Francisco
| div_4 = San Francisco County, California{{!}}San Francisco
| pop_4 = 870,887
| img_4 = San Francisco Skyline-02.jpg
| city_5 = Fresno, California{{!}}Fresno
| div_5 = Fresno County, California{{!}}Fresno
| pop_5 = 522,053
| img_5 =
| city_6 = Sacramento, California{{!}}Sacramento
| div_6 = Sacramento County, California{{!}}Sacramento
| pop_6 = 495,234 	
| img_6 =
| city_7 = Long Beach, California{{!}}Long Beach
| div_7 = Los Angeles County, California{{!}}Los Angeles
| pop_7 = 470,130
| img_7 =
| city_8 = Oakland, California{{!}}Oakland
| div_8 = [[Alameda County, California]]
| pop_8 = 420,005
| img_8 =
| city_9 = Bakersfield, California{{!}}Bakersfield
| div_9 = Kern County, California{{!}}Kern
| pop_9 = 376,380
| img_9 =
| city_10 = Anaheim, California{{!}}Anaheim
| div_10 = Orange County, California{{!}}Orange
| pop_10 = 351,043
| img_10 =
}}

==Mga Sanggunian==
{{reflist}}

{{California}}

{{United States topic}}

{{US-stub}}

[[Kategorya:Mga estado ng Estados Unidos]]
[[Kategorya:Mga dating kolonya ng Espanya]]