Tingnan ang wikitext ng Coelacanth

{{Automatic taxobox
| name = Coelacanth
| fossil_range = <br />Maagang [[Deboniyano]]– Kamakailan,<ref name="ref4" /> {{fossil range|409|0}}
| image = Latimeria Chalumnae - Coelacanth - NHMW.jpg
| image_caption = {{small|Preserved specimen of [[West Indian Ocean coelacanth]] caught in 1974 off [[Salimani]], [[Grand Comoro]], Comoro Islands}}
| image_upright = 1.15
| image2 = Coelacanth off Pumula on the KwaZulu-Natal South Coast, South Africa, on 22 November 2019.png
| image2_caption = {{small|Live coelacanth seen off [[Umzumbe|Pumula]] on the [[KwaZulu-Natal South Coast]], South Africa, 2019}}
| taxon = Actinistia
| display_parents = 2
| authority = Cope, 1871
| type_species = †''[[Coelacanthus granulatus]]''
| type_species_authority = [[Louis Agassiz|Agassiz]], 1839
| subdivision_ranks = Families and genera
| subdivision = * Latimeriidae
* †[[Mawsoniidae]]
Others, see text
}}

Ang mga '''Coelacanth''' ({{IPAc-en|icon|ˈ|s|iː|l|ə|k|æ|n|θ}}, pag-aangkop ng Modernong Latin na ''Cœlacanthus'' "lubog na espina", mula sa Griyegong κοῖλ-ος ''koilos'' "hollow" + ἄκανθ-α ''akantha'' "espina", ay tumutukoy sa lubog na likurang mga sinag palikpik ng unang specimen na [[fossil]] na inilarawan at pinangalanan ni [[Louis Agassiz]] noong 1839) <ref name=ref1 />) ang mga pangkat ng [[order (biolohiya)|order]] ng [[isda]] na kinabibilangan ng pinakamatandang alam na nabubuhay na [[lipi (ebolusyon)|lipi]] ng [[Sarcopterygii]] (isdang may lobong palikpik at mga [[tetrapoda]]). Ang mga coelacanth ay nabibilang sa subklaseng [[Actinistia]] na isang pangkat ng isdang may lobong palikpik na nauugnay sa [[isdangbaga]](lungfish) at ilang mga [[ekstinsiyon|ekstinto]] na mga isda ng panahong [[Deboniyano]] gaya ng mga [[osteolepiform]], [[porolepiform]], [[rhizodontidae|rhizodont]] at ''[[Panderichthys]]''.<ref name="ref1">Forey, Peter L.. (1998); ''History of the Coelacanth Fishes.'' London: Chapman & Hall. Print</ref> Ang mga coelacanth ay inakalang naging [[ekstinto]] noong [[Kretaseyoso|Huling Kretaseyoso]] ngunit muling natuklasan noong 1938 sa baybaying ng [[Timog Aprika]].<ref name="ref2">Latimeria, the Living Coelacanth, Is Ovoviviparous, C. Lavett Smith, Charles S. Rand, Bobb Schaeffer, James W. Atz Science New Series, Vol. 190, No. 4219 (Dec. 12, 1975), pp. 1105–1106 Published by: American Association for the Advancement of Science</ref> Ang mga espesye na ''[[Latimeria chalumnae]]'' at  ''[[Latimeria menadoensis]]'' ang tanging mga nabubuhay na espesye ng coelacanth na matatagpuan sa kahabaan ng mga baybayin ng [[Karagatang Indiyano]] at [[Indonesia]].<ref name="ref3">Holder, Mark T., Mark V. Erdmann, Thomas P. Wilcox, Roy L. Caldwell, and David M. Hillis. "Two Living Species of Coelacanths?" 22nd ser. 96 (1999): 12616-2620. Print.</ref><ref name="ref10"/>. Ang coelacanth ay pinalayawang [[nabubuhay na fossil]] dahil ang isdang ito ay orihinal na alam lang sa mga [[fossil]] rekord bago ang unang pagkakatuklas ng isang buhay na specimen nito.<ref name="ref1"/> Gayunpaman, ang mga modernong coelacanth ng pamilyang ''[[Latimeriidae]]'' ay walang fossil rekord. Ang mga fossil coelacanth ay nasa ibang mga pamilya na karamihan ay sa [[Coelacanthidae]] at malaking iba sa mga modernong coelacanth dahil ang mga ito ay mas maliit at walang mga panloob na istraktura. Dahil sa walang fossil rekord ang latimeria kaya ito ay hindi isang "nabubuhay na fossil".<ref>http://www.talkorigins.org/indexcc/CB/CB930_1.html</ref>  Ang coelacanth ay inakalang nag-[[ebolusyon|ebolb]] sa tinatayang kasalukuyang anyo nito mga 400 miyong taon ang nakalilipas.<ref name="ref4">Johanson, Zerina, John A. Long, John A. Talent, Philippe Janvier, and James W. Warren. "Oldest Coelacanth, from the Early Devonian of Australia." ''Biology Letters'' 2.3 (2006): 443–46. Print.</ref>
[[Talaksan:Latimeria menadoensis.jpg|thumb|right|Ang [[Latimeria menadoensis]] na natagpuan sa Indonesia.]]
==Fossil rekord==	
[[Image:Undina penicillata.jpg|thumb|''[[Undina (fish)|Undina penicillata]]'']]
Ayon sa [[henetika|analisis na henetiko]] ng kasalukuyang espesye, ang [[diberhenteng ebolusyon|diberhensiya]] ng mga coelacanth, [[isdangbaga]](lungfish) at mga [[tetrapoda]] ay inakalang nangyari mga 390 milyong taon ang nakalilipas.<ref name="ref4"/> Ang mga coelacanth ay inakalang sumailalim na sa [[enkstinksiyon]] noong 65 milyong taon ang nakalilipas noong [[Pangyayaring ekstinsiyong na Cretaceous-Paleoheene|pangyayaring ekstinksiyong Kretaseyoso-Paleohene]]. Ang unang naitalang fossil ng coelacanth ay natagpuan sa Australia at isang panga ng coelacanth na may petsang bumabalik noong 360 milyong taon nakalilipas na pinangalanang ''Eoachtinistia foreyi''. Ang pinaka-kamakailang espesye ng coelacanth sa fossil rekord ang ''Macropoma''. Ang ''Macropoma'' na isang kapatid na espesye ng ''Latimeria chalumnae'' ay naghiwalay noong 80 milyong taon ang nakalilipas. Ang fossil rekord ng coelacanth ay walang katulad dahil ang mga fossil ng coealacanth ay natagpuan 100 taon  bago natukoy ang unang buhay na specimen. Noong 1938, muling natuklasan ni Courtenay-Latimer ang unang buhay na specimen na ''L. chalumnae'' na nahuli sa baybaying ng Timog London, Timog Aprika, Noong 1997, ang isang biologong marino ay nasa isang honeymoon at nakatuklas ng ikalawang buhay na espesyeng ''Latimeria menadoensis'' sa isang pamilihan sa Indonesia. Noong Hulyo 1998, ang unang buhay na specimen ng ''Latimeria menadoensis'' ay nahuli sa Indonesia. Ang tinatayang mga 80 espesye ng coelacanth ay nailarawan. Bago ang pagkakatuklas ng buhay na specimen ng coelacanth, ang saklaw ng panahon ng coelacanth ay inakalang sumasakop mula sa [[Deboniyano|Gitnang Deboniyano]] hanggang sa [[Kretaseyoso|Itaas na Kretaseyoso]]. Maliban sa isa o dalawang mga specimen, ang lahat ng mga fossil na natuklasan sa mga panahong ito ay nagpapakita ng isang magkatulad na [[morpolohiya]]. <ref name="ref1"/><ref name="ref10">Butler, Carolyn. "Living Fossil Fish." ''National Geographic'' Mar. 2011: 86–93. Print.</ref>

Ang sumusunod na [[kladograma]] ay batay sa maraming mga sanggunian.<ref name=Rebellatrix>{{cite journal|last1=Wendruff|first1=Andrew J.|last2=Wilson|first2=Mark V. H.|title=A fork-tailed coelacanth,Rebellatrix divaricerca, gen. et sp. nov. (Actinistia, Rebellatricidae, fam. nov.), from the Lower Triassic of Western Canada|journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology|volume=32|issue=3|year=2012|pages=499–511|issn=0272-4634|doi=10.1080/02724634.2012.657317}}</ref><ref name=Mawsonia>{{cite journal|work=Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi|volume=5|issue=2|page=195-205|year=2010|author=Gallo, V., M.S.S. de Carvalho, & H.R.S. Santos|title=New occurrence of †''Mawsoniidae'' (Sarcopterygii, Actinistia) in the Morro do Chaves Formation, Lower Cretaceous of the Sergipe-Alagoas Basin, Northeastern Brazil}}</ref><ref name=Long>{{cite book|author=Long, J. A.|year=1995|title=The rise of fishes: 500 million years of evolution|url=https://archive.org/details/riseoffishes500m0000long_l3c0|publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press|place=Baltimore}}</ref><ref name=Cloutier>{{cite book|author=Cloutier, R. & Ahlberg, P. E.|year=1996|title=Morphology, characters, and the interrelationships of basal sarcopterygians|page=445-479}}</ref>

{{clade
|label1='''[[Coelacanthiformes]]'''
|{{clade
 |label1='''[[Whiteiidae]]'''
 |{{clade
  |''[[Piveteauia]]''
  |''[[Whiteia]]''
  }}
 |{{clade
  |label1='''[[Rebellatricidae]]'''
  |''[[Rebellatrix]]''
  |label2='''[[Latimerioidei]]'''
  |{{clade
   |''[[Garnbergia]]''
   |label2='''[[Mawsoniidae]]'''
   |{{clade
    |''[[Chinlea]]''
    |{{clade
     |''[[Parnaibaia]]''
     |{{clade
      |''[[Mawsonia (fish)|Mawsonia]]''
      |''[[Axelrodichthys]]''
      }}
     }}
    }}
   |{{clade
    |{{clade
     |''[[Diplurus]]''
     |''[[Libys]]''
    }}
    |label2='''[[Latimeriidae]]'''
    |{{clade
     |{{clade
      |''[[Holophagus]]''
      |''[[Undina (fish)|Undina]]''
      }}
     |{{clade
      |''[[Macropoma]]''
      |{{clade
       |''[[Swenzia]]''
       |''[[Latimeria]]''
       }}
      }}
     }}
    }}
   }}
  }}
 }}
}}

===Linya ng panahon ng paglitaw ng mga henera===
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 from: -488.3    till: -443.7    color:ordovician    text:[[Ordobisiyano]]
 from: -443.7    till: -416    color:silurian    text:[[Siluriyano]]
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 from: -359.2    till: -299   color:carboniferous    text:[[Karboniperoso]]
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 from: -251    till: -199.6  color:triassic    text:[[Triasiko]]
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 color:devonian bar:NAM6 from:-407    till:-359.2 text:[[Onychodus]]
 color:devonian bar:NAM7 from:-397.5    till:-389.6 text:[[Thursius]]
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 color:devonian bar:NAM18  from:-387.5    till:-359.2 text:[[Holoptychus]]
 color:devonian bar:NAM19 from:-385.3    till:-381.7 text:[[Latvius]]
 color:devonian bar:NAM20 from:-385.3    till:-381.7 text:[[Miguashaia]]
 color:devonian bar:NAM21 from:-385.3    till:-374.5 text:[[Nesides]]
 color:devonian bar:NAM22 from:-381.7    till:-328.3 text:[[Diplocercides]]
 color:devonian bar:NAM23 from:-374.5    till:-369.2 text:[[Megapomus]]
 color:devonian bar:NAM24 from:-374.5    till:-359.2 text:[[Chrysolepis]]
 color:devonian bar:NAM25 from:-374.5    till:-359.2 text:[[Glyptopomus]]
 color:devonian bar:NAM26 from:-364.3    till:-359.2 text:[[Chagrinia]]
 color:devonian bar:NAM27 from:-364.3    till:-359.2 text:[[Cryptolepis]]
 color:carboniferous bar:NAM28 from:-345.3    till:-318.1 text:[[Rhizodus]]
 color:carboniferous bar:NAM29 from:-345.3    till:-299 text:[[Rhabdoderma]]
 color:carboniferous bar:NAM30 from:-333.97    till:-328.3 text:[[Coelacanthopsis]]
 color:carboniferous bar:NAM31 from:-328.3    till:-324.9 text:[[Allenypterus]]
 color:carboniferous bar:NAM32 from:-328.3    till:-324.9 text:[[Caridosuctor]]
 color:carboniferous bar:NAM33 from:-328.3    till:-324.9 text:[[Hadronector]]
 color:carboniferous bar:NAM34 from:-328.3    till:-324.9 text:[[Lochmocereus]]
 color:carboniferous bar:NAM35 from:-328.3    till:-324.9 text:[[Polyosteorhynchus]]
 color:carboniferous bar:NAM36 from:-306.5    till:-301.37 text:[[Synaptotylus]]
 color:permian bar:NAM37 from: -299    till:-294.6 text:[[Ectosteorhachis]]
 color:permian bar:NAM38 from:-270.6    till:-267.2 text:[[Coelocanthus]]
 color:permian bar:NAM39 from:-260    till:-251 text:[[Changxingia]]
 color:permian bar:NAM40 from:-255    till:-251 text:[[Yonngichthys]]
 color:triassic bar:NAM41 from:-251    till:-250.57 text:[[Laugia]]
 color:triassic bar:NAM42 from:-251    till:-248.13 text:[[Sassenia]]
 color:triassic bar:NAM43 from:-251    till:-245 text:[[Sinocoelacanthus]]
 color:triassic bar:NAM44 from:-250.13    till:-249.7 text:[[Piveteauia]]
 color:triassic bar:NAM45 from:-250.13    till:-249.7 text:[[Whiteia]]
 color:triassic bar:NAM46 from:-249.7    till:-248.13 text:[[Axelia]]
 color:triassic bar:NAM47 from:-249.7    till:-248.13 text:[[Mylacanthus]]
 color:triassic bar:NAM48 from:-249.7    till:-248.13 text:[[Scleracanthus]]
 color:triassic bar:NAM49 from:-249.7    till:-248.13 text:[[Wimania]]
 color:triassic bar:NAM50 from:-245    till:-237 text:[[Garnbergia]]
 color:triassic bar:NAM51 from:-237    till:-234 text:[[Alcoveria]]
 color:triassic bar:NAM52 from:-237    till:-234 text:[[Ticinepomis]]
 color:triassic bar:NAM53 from:-237    till:-228 text:[[Hainbergia]]
 color:triassic bar:NAM54 from:-237    till:-149.03 text:[[Heptanema]]
 color:triassic bar:NAM55 from:-220.3    till:-216.5 text:[[Graphiuricthys]]
 color:triassic bar:NAM56 from:-216.5    till:-140.2 text:[[Undina]]
 color:jurassic bar:NAM57 from:-199.6    till:-140.2 text:[[Holophagus]]
 color:jurassic bar:NAM58 from:-161.2    till:-145.5 text:[[Cualabaea]]
 color:jurassic bar:NAM59 from:-150.8    till:-149.03 text:[[Coccoderma]]
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 color:cretaceous bar:NAM61 from:-112    till:-79.2 text:[[Macropoma]]
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 color:cretaceous bar:NAM63 from:-1    till:0 text:[[Latimeria]]

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 from: -443.7    till: -416    color:silurian    text:[[Siluriyano]]
 from: -416    till: -359.2   color:devonian    text:[[Deboniyano]]
 from: -359.2    till: -299   color:carboniferous    text:[[Karboniperoso]]
 from: -299    till: -251   color:permian    text:[[Permiyano]]
 from: -251    till: -199.6  color:triassic    text:[[Triasiko]]
 from: -199.6    till: -145.5   color:jurassic    text:[[Hurassiko]]
 from: -145.5   till: -65.5   color:cretaceous    text:[[Kretaseyoso]]
 from: -65.5    till: -23.03   color:paleogene    text:[[Paleohene]]
 from: -23.03    till: -2.588   color:neogene    text:[[Neohe|Neog.]]
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 bar:era
 from:  -542   till:  -251    color:paleozoic    text:[[Paleosoiko|Era na Paleosoiko]] 
 from:  -251   till:  -65.5    color:mesozoic    text:[[Mesosoiko|Era na Mesosoiko]] 
 from:  -65.5   till:  0   color:cenozoic    text:[[Cenosoiko]]

</timeline>

==Mga sanggunian==
{{reflist}}
[[Kategorya:Sarcopterygii]]