Tingnan ang wikitext ng Ipot

Ang '''ipot''' o '''dumi''' (kilala din bilang '''tae''', '''pupu''', '''aa''' o '''takla''') ay isang solido o medyo-solidong natirang pagkain na hindi natunaw sa [[maliit na bituka]], at pinaghiwa-hiwalay ng [[bakterya]] sa [[malaking bituka]].<ref name=tortora1>{{cite book |last1=Tortora |first1=Gerard J. |last2=Anagnostakos |first2=Nicholas P. |title=Principles of anatomy and physiology |url=https://archive.org/details/principlesofanat05tort |url-access=registration |page=[https://archive.org/details/principlesofanat05tort/page/624 624] |edition=Fifth |location=New York |publisher=Harper & Row, Publishers |date=1987 |isbn=978-0-06-350729-6|language=en}}</ref><ref name=ciba>{{cite book |last1=Diem |first1=K. |last2=Lentner |first2=C. |chapter=Faeces |title=in: Scientific Tables |edition=Seventh |location=Basle, Switzerland |publisher=CIBA-GEIGY Ltd. |date=1970 |pages=657–660|language=en}}</ref> Maaring naglalaman ang pupu ng mahalagang maliit na dami ng duming metabolikong produkto tulad ng bilirrubina na binago ng bakterya, at mga selulang epiteliyal mula sa poro ng bituka.<ref name=tortora1 /> Nilalabas ang dumi sa [[tumbong]] o kloaka tuwing nagbabawas.

Maaring gamitin ang dumi bilang [[pataba]] o pangkondisyon ng lupa sa [[agrikultura]]. Maari din sunugin ang mga ito bilang panggatong o patuyuin at gamitin para sa konstuksyon. 

==Katangian==
[[Image:Skatole structure.svg|right|thumb|Ang eskatol ay ang prinsipal na [[kompuwesto]] na may responsable sa mabahong amoy ng tae.]]
[[Image:Hydrogen-sulfide-3D-vdW.png|right|thumb|100px|Ang [[molekula]]ng asido sulpidriko (o ''hydrogen sulfide'') ay umaambag sa amoy ng pupu.]]
Dahil sa eskatol ang katangi-tanging [[amoy]] ng pupu, gayon din ang mga tiol (mga [[kompuwesto]] na may [[asupre]]) at mga amita at mga asido karboksilika. Nagkakaroon ng eskatol dahil sa dekarboksilaksyon.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Whitehead |first1=T. R. |last2=Price |first2=N. P. |last3=Drake |first3=H. L. |last4=Cotta |first4=M. A. |title=Catabolic pathway for the production of skatole and indoleacetic acid by the acetogen Clostridium drakei, Clostridium scatologenes, and swine manure |journal=Applied and Environmental Microbiology |volume=74 |issue=6 |pages=1950–3 |pmid=18223109 |pmc=2268313 |date=25 Enero 2008|language=en |doi=10.1128/AEM.02458-07 |bibcode=2008ApEnM..74.1950W}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1093/ajcn/32.1.173 |pmid=367144 |title=Microbial metabolites of tryptophan in the intestinal tract with special reference to skatole |journal=The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition |volume=32 |issue=1 |pages=173–178 |year=1979 |last1=Yokoyama |first1=M. T. |last2=Carlson |first2=J. R.|doi-access=free|language=en }}</ref>

Pinalagay ang halatang mabahong amoy ng tae na pampigil para sa mga tao, yayamang maaring magresulta ang pagkonsumo o paghawak nito ng sakit o impeksyon.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Curtis V, Aunger R, Rabie T |title=Evidence that disgust evolved to protect from risk of disease |journal=Proc. Biol. Sci. |volume=271 |issue=Suppl 4 |pages=S131–3 |date=May 2004 |pmid=15252963 |pmc=1810028 |doi=10.1098/rsbl.2003.0144}}</ref> 

===Pisiyolohiya===

Nilalabas ang dumi sa [[tumbong]] o kloaka tuwing tatae. Nangangailangan ang proseso ng presyon na maaring umabot sa {{convert|100|mmHg|inHg}} (13.3 kPa) sa tao at {{convert|450|mmHg|inHg}} (60 kPa) sa [[penguwin]].<ref name="LangleyCheraskin1958">{{cite book |last1=Langley |first1=Leroy Lester |last2=Cheraskin |first2=Emmanuel |title=The Physiology of Man |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aPFGAAAAYAAJ |year=1958 |publisher=McGraw-Hill |access-date=3 Disyembre 2019 |archive-date=1 Agosto 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801131456/https://books.google.com/books?id=aPFGAAAAYAAJ |url-status=live|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Meyer-RochowGal2003">{{cite journal |last1=Meyer-Rochow |first1=Victor Benno |last2=Gal |first2=Jozsef |title=Pressures produced when penguins pooh?calculations on avian defaecation |journal=Polar Biology |volume=27 |issue=1 |year=2003 |pages=56–58 |issn=0722-4060 |doi=10.1007/s00300-003-0563-3 |bibcode=2003PoBio..27...56M |s2cid=43386022|language=en}}</ref> Nagagawa ang puwersa na kailangan upang ilabas ang dumi sa pamamagitan ng mga pagpapaliliit at pag-ipon ng mga gas sa loob ng bituka, na inuudyok ang espinter na pawiin ang presyon at ilabas ang dumi.<ref name="Meyer-RochowGal2003" />

== Lipunan at kalinangan ==

===Pagkadiri===
Sa maraming [[kalinangan]] ng tao, nakakakuha ang mga adulto ng iba't ibang antas ng disgusto o pagkadiri sa pupu. Ang mga bata may edad mas mababa sa dalawa ay walang pagkadiri na tugon dito, na minumungkahi na naihango ito mula sa kultura.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Moore |first1=Alison M. |title=Coprophagy in nineteenth-century psychiatry |journal=Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease |date=8 Nobyembre 2018 |volume=30 |issue=sup1 |pages=1535737 |doi=10.1080/16512235.2018.1535737 |pmid=30425610 |pmc=6225515|language=en}}</ref> Mukhang pinakamalakas ang disgusto sa pupu sa mga kalinangan kung saan ang inidoro na may pambuhos ay ginagawang kaunti lamang ang kontak sa pang-amoy sa pupu ng tao.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.upworthy.com/yes-poop-is-gross-but-thats-not-the-only-reason-for-its-shameful-social-stigma |title=Yes, poop is gross. But that's not the only reason for its shameful social stigma. |date=25 Mayo 2016 |website=Upworthy |access-date=8 Abril 2020 |archive-date=31 Hulyo 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200731052613/https://www.upworthy.com/yes-poop-is-gross-but-thats-not-the-only-reason-for-its-shameful-social-stigma |url-status=live|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20131111-hate-poo-theres-good-reason-why |title=Why do humans hate poo so much? |first=Jason G. |last=Goldman |publisher=BBC |access-date=8 Abril 2020 |archive-date=31 Marso 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331004423/http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20131111-hate-poo-theres-good-reason-why |url-status=live|language=en}}</ref> Pangunahing nararanasan ang disgusto na may relasyon sa panlasa (halata o inisip) at, pangalawa sa kahit anumang nagdudulot ng katulad na pakiramdam ng [[pandamdam]] ng amoy, hipo, o tingin.

=== [[Hatirang pangmadla]] ===

Mayroong ''Pile of Poo emoji'' (emoji ng Tambak ng Pupu) na kinakatawan sa [[Unicode]] bilang {{unichar|1F4A9|pile of poo}}, na tinatawag na ''{{vanchor|unchi}}'' o ''unchi-kun'' sa [[Hapon]].<ref>{{citation |title=The Oral History Of The Poop Emoji (Or, How Google Brought Poop To America) |date=18 Nobyembre 2014 |url=https://www.fastcompany.com/3037803/the-oral-history-of-the-poop-emoji-or-how-google-brought-poop-to-america |work=Fast Company |access-date=9 Nobyembre 2016 |archive-date=3 Abril 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180403070613/https://www.fastcompany.com/3037803/the-oral-history-of-the-poop-emoji-or-how-google-brought-poop-to-america |url-status=live|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{citation |title=America Needs its own Emojis |date=7 Marso 2015 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/08/opinion/sunday/turn-emojis-red-white-and-blue.html |first=Damon |last=Darlin |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=1 Marso 2017 |archive-date=30 Oktubre 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161030180735/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/08/opinion/sunday/turn-emojis-red-white-and-blue.html |url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>

===Mga biro===

Sentro ang pupu sa ''toilet humor'' o katatawanang pampalikuran, at karaniwan itong interes ng mga bata at [[tinedyer]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Praeger |first=Dave |title=Poop Culture: How America Is Shaped by Its Grossest National Product |url=https://archive.org/details/poopculturehowam0000prae |publisher=Feral House |year=2007 |isbn=978-1-932595-21-5 |location=United States |language=English}}</ref>

==Mga sanggunian==
{{reflist}}
[[Kaurian:Biyolohiya]]