George Gershwin

George Gershwin
George Gershwin in 1937
Kapanganakan	Jacob Gershowitz 26 Setyembre 1898(1898-09-26) Brooklyn, Bagong York
Kamatayan	11 Hulyo 1937(1937-07-11) (edad 38) Hollywood, California
Libingan	Sementeryo sa Mga Burol ng Westchester
Nasyonalidad	Amerikano
Trabaho	Kompositor
Kinakasama	Kay Swift
Anak	wala
Kamag-anak	Frances, Arthur at Ira

Si George Gershwin (Setyembre 26, 1898 – Hulyo 11, 1937) ay isang Amerikanong kompositor at piyanista. Ang mga gawain ni Gershwin ay naging kilala sa parehong popular at klasikal na henero at ang kanyang mga popular na melodiya ay kilala.

Siya ang sumulat ng karamihan ng kanyang mga gawaing pantinig at pangtanghalan kasama na ang ilang doenang mga palabas na Broadway sa kanyang pakikipagtulungan niya sa kanyang nakatatandang kapatid na lyrikista na nagngangalang Ira Gershwin.

Si George Gershwin ang gumawa ng tugtog para sa parehong Broadway ay ang mga tanghalang klasikal at kasama na rin ang mga kilalang mga kanta na nagpadala sa kanyang mga gawain sa mas malawak pang mga manonood. Ang kanayng mga gawain ay nagamit sa maraming mga pelikula at sa telebisyon at marami sa kanila ang naging mga pamantayan sa jazz ay naitala sa maraming pag-iiba. Maraming bilang ng mga kumakanta, manunulat at at manunugtog ay nagtala sa mga kanta ni Gershwin.

Mga gawa

Pangunahing artikulo: Tala ng mga gawa ni George Gershwin

Orchestral

• Rhapsody in Blue (para sa piano at orchestra, 1924)
• Piano Concerto in F (1925)
• An American in Paris (para sa orchestra, 1928)
• Second Rhapsody, tunay na pinangalanan bilang Rhapsody in Rivets (para sa piano and orchestra, 1931)
• Cuban Overture (1932), tunay na pinangalangang Rumba
• Variations on "I Got Rhythm" (para sa piano at orchestra) (1934)
• Catfish Row (1936) nakabatay sa Porgy and Bess

Solo Piano

• Preludes For Piano (1926)
• George Gershwin's Songbook (1932) (piano arrangements of eighteen songs)

London Musicals

• Primrose (1924)

Broadway Musicals

• George White's Scandals (1920–1924) (featuring, at one point, the 1922 one-act opera Blue Monday)
• Lady, Be Good (1924)
• Tip-Toes (1925)
• Tell Me More! (1925)
• Oh, Kay! (1926)
• Strike up the Band (1927)
• Funny Face (1927)
• Rosalie (1928)
• Show Girl (1929)
• Girl Crazy (1930)
• Of Thee I Sing (1931)
• Pardon My English (1933)
• Let 'Em Eat Cake (1933)
• My One and Only (1983) (isang orihinal na 1983 na musical gamit ang mga dating kanta ni Gershwin)
• Crazy for You (1992), isang inibang bersyon ng Girl Crazy, isinulat at inipon na walang pagsali nina George at Ira Gershwin.

Opera

• Porgy and Bess (1935; ito ay unang pinakilala sa Broadway, hindi sa bahay opera)

Mga pelikula na kung saan gumawa si gershwin ng mga komposisyon

• Delicious (1931) (bahagi ng Second Rhapsody ay ginamit sa pelikulang ito)
• Shall We Dance (1937) (tunay na orchestra ni Gershwin, walang pagtatala ang naganap sa makabagong istereo, ang ibang bahagi ay hindi naitala)
• A Damsel in Distress (1937)
• The Goldwyn Follies (1938)
• The Shocking Miss Pilgrim (1947) (ginamit ang mga kantang nakaraa'y hindi nagamit)

Mga sanggunian

• Rimler, Walter George Gershwin : An Intimate Portrait (2009), University of Illinois Press, ISBN 0-252-03444-9
• Hyland, William G. George Gershwin : A New Biography (2003), Praeger Publishers, ISBN 0-275-98111-8
• Jablonski, Edward Gershwin (1987), Doubleday, ISBN 0-385-19431-5
• Kimball, Robert & Alfred Simon. The Gershwins (1973), Athenium, New York, ISBN 0-689-10569
• Mawer, Deborah (Editor). Cross, Jonathan (Series Editor). The Cambridge Companion to Ravel (Cambridge Companions to Music) (2000), Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-64856-4
• Peyser, Joan. The Memory of All That:The Life of George Gershwin (2007), Hal Leonard Corporation, ISBN 1-4234-1025-4
• Pollack, Howard. George Gershwin. His Life and Work (2006), University of California Press, ISBN 978-0-520-24864-9
• Rimler, Walter. A Gershwin Companion (1991), Popular Culture ISBN 1-56075-019-7
• Sloop, Gregory. "What Caused George Gershwin's Untimely Death?" Journal of Medical Biography 9 (February 2001): 28–30

Magbasa pa

• Carnovale, Norbert. George Gershwin: a Bio-Bibliography (2000. ) Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0-313-26003-2 ISBN 0-313-26003-6
• Alpert, Hollis. The Life and Times of Porgy and Bess: The Story of an American Classic (1991). Nick Hern Books. ISBN 101854590545
• Feinstein, Michael. Nice Work If You Can Get It: My Life in Rhythm and Rhyme (1995), Hyperion Books. ISBN 0-7868-8220-4
• Jablonski, Edward. Gershwin Remembered (2003). Amadeus Press. ISBN 0-931340-43-8
• Rosenberg, Deena Ruth. Fascinating Rhythm: The Collaboration of George and Ira Gershwin (1991). University of Michigan Press ISBN 978-0-472-08469-2
• Sheed, Wilfred. The House That George Built: With a Little Help from Irving, Cole, and a Crew of About Fifty (2007). Random House. ISBN 100812970187
• Suriano, Gregory R. (Editor). Gershwin in His Time: A Biographical Scrapbook, 1919–1937 (1998). Diane Pub Co. ISBN 10075675660X
• Wyatt, Robert and John Andrew Johnson (Editors). The George Gershwin Reader (2004). Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-513019-7

Mga kawing panlabas

• International Jose Guillermo Carrillo Foundation Naka-arkibo 2009-01-12 sa Wayback Machine.
• www.kreusch-sheet-music.net — Free Scores by George Gershwin
• MusicalTalk Podcast on George Gershwin (part one of two)
• MusicalTalk Podcast on George Gershwin (part two of two)
• Official Site
• Classical.net Gershwin page
• Anecdotage: Gershwin Gershwin Anecdotes (with sources noted)
• GershwinFan.com — The Gershwin Educational Fanpage Naka-arkibo 2005-04-03 sa Wayback Machine.
• George Gershwin at the Internet Broadway Database
• George Gershwin sa IMDb
• George Gershwin Bio at Jewish-American Hall of Fame
• George Gershwin Collection at the Harry Ransom Center at the University of Texas at Austin
• George Gershwin and The Great American Songbook
• George Gershwin WWI draft card at National Archives
• Alysia Lee and Faith McCoy perform songs by Gershwin and others from the Great American Songbook — Bloomingdale School of Music, 2009 Naka-arkibo 2011-07-25 sa Wayback Machine.