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Ang '''Indibidwalismo''' ay ang paninindigang [[moral]], [[pilosopiyang pampulitika]], ideyolohiya, o pananaw na panlipunan na nagbibigay-diin sa "ang kahalagahang moral ng [[indibidwal]]".<ref name="britannica.com">http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/286303/individualism "Individualism" sa Encyclopedia Britannica Online</ref> Isinusulong ng mga indibidwalista ang pagsasakatuparan ng mga layunin o mga nais ng isang tao, kaya't ang pinahahalagahan ay ang [[kalayaan]] at pansariling kapakanan<ref name="thefreedictionary.com">http://www.thefreedictionary.com/individualism "individualism" sa The Free Dictionary</ref> habang tinututulan ang karamihan sa panlabas na mga panghihimasok sa pansariling mga kainaman, maging ng [[lipunan]], [[mag-anak]] o anumang iba pang pangkat o [[institusyon]].<ref name="thefreedictionary.com"/>
Ang '''Indibidwalismo''' ay ang paninindigang [[moral]], [[pilosopiyang pampulitika]], ideyolohiya, o pananaw na panlipunan na nagbibigay-diin sa "ang kahalagahang moral ng [[indibidwal]]".<ref name="britannica.com">http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/286303/individualism "Individualism" sa Encyclopedia Britannica Online</ref> Isinusulong ng mga indibidwalista ang pagsasakatuparan ng mga layunin o mga nais ng isang tao, kaya't ang pinahahalagahan ay ang [[kalayaan]] at pansariling kapakanan<ref name="thefreedictionary.com">http://www.thefreedictionary.com/individualism "individualism" sa The Free Dictionary</ref> habang tinututulan ang karamihan sa panlabas na mga panghihimasok sa pansariling mga kainaman, maging ng [[lipunan]], [[mag-anak]] o anumang iba pang pangkat o [[institusyon]].<ref name="thefreedictionary.com"/>


Individualism makes the individual its focus<ref name="britannica.com"/> and so starts "with the fundamental premise that the human individual is of primary importance in the struggle for liberation." [[Classical liberalism]] (including [[libertarianism]]), [[existentialism]] and [[anarchism]] (especially [[individualist anarchism]]) and [[Objectivism]] are examples of movements that take the human individual as a central unit of analysis.<ref name="ReferenceA">[[L. Susan Brown]]. ''[[The Politics of Individualism: Liberalism, Liberal Feminism, and Anarchism]]''. BLACK ROSE BOOKS LID. 1993</ref>
Ginagawa ng indibidwalismo na maging tuon ng pansin nito ang indibidwal<ref name="britannica.com"/> kung kaya't nagsisimula "na may pundamental na premisa o pahayag na ang indibidwal na tao ay may pangunahing kahalagahan sa pagpupunyagi para sa kalayaan." Ang [[Liberalismong klasikal]] (kasama ang [[libertaryanismo]]), [[eksistensyalismo]] at [[anarkismo]] (natatangi na ang [[anarkismong indibidwalismo]]) at [[Obhetismo]] ay mga halimbawa ng mga kilusang ginagamit ang indibidwal na tao bilang isang panggitnang yunit ng pagsusuri.<ref name="ReferenceA">[[L. Susan Brown]]. ''[[The Politics of Individualism: Liberalism, Liberal Feminism, and Anarchism]]''. BLACK ROSE BOOKS LID. 1993</ref>


It has also been used as a term denoting "The quality of being an individual; individuality"<ref name="thefreedictionary.com"/> related to possessing "An individual characteristic; a [[Idiosyncrasy|quirk]]."<ref name="thefreedictionary.com"/> Individualism is thus also associated with [[art]]istic and [[Bohemianism|bohemian]] interests and lifestyles where there is a tendency towards self creation and experimentation as opposed to tradition or popular mass opinions and behaviors<ref name="thefreedictionary.com"/><ref name="jstor.org">http://www.jstor.org/pss/2570771 Bohemianism: the underworld of Art by George S. Snyderman and William Josephs</ref> as so also with [[humanism|humanist]] philosophical positions and ethics.<ref>"The leading intellectual trait of the era was the recovery, to a certain degree, of the secular and humane philosophy of Greece and Rome. Another humanist trend which cannot be ignored was the rebirth of individualism, which, developed by Greece and Rome to a remarkable degree, had been suppressed by the rise of a caste system in the later Roman Empire, by the Church and by feudalism in the Middle Ages.[http://www.historyguide.org/intellect/humanism.html "The history guide: Lectures on Modern European Intellectual History"]</ref><ref>"Anthropocentricity and individualism...Humanism and Italian art were similar in giving paramount attention to human experience, both in its everyday immediacy and in its positive or negative extremes...The human-centredness of Renaissance art, moreover, was not just a generalized endorsement of earthly experience. Like the humanists, Italian artists stressed the autonomy and dignity of the individual."[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/275932/humanism/11824/Anthropocentricity-and-individualism "Humanism" on Encyclopedia Britannica]</ref>
It has also been used as a term denoting "The quality of being an individual; individuality"<ref name="thefreedictionary.com"/> related to possessing "An individual characteristic; a [[Idiosyncrasy|quirk]]."<ref name="thefreedictionary.com"/> Individualism is thus also associated with [[art]]istic and [[Bohemianism|bohemian]] interests and lifestyles where there is a tendency towards self creation and experimentation as opposed to tradition or popular mass opinions and behaviors<ref name="thefreedictionary.com"/><ref name="jstor.org">http://www.jstor.org/pss/2570771 Bohemianism: the underworld of Art by George S. Snyderman and William Josephs</ref> as so also with [[humanism|humanist]] philosophical positions and ethics.<ref>"The leading intellectual trait of the era was the recovery, to a certain degree, of the secular and humane philosophy of Greece and Rome. Another humanist trend which cannot be ignored was the rebirth of individualism, which, developed by Greece and Rome to a remarkable degree, had been suppressed by the rise of a caste system in the later Roman Empire, by the Church and by feudalism in the Middle Ages.[http://www.historyguide.org/intellect/humanism.html "The history guide: Lectures on Modern European Intellectual History"]</ref><ref>"Anthropocentricity and individualism...Humanism and Italian art were similar in giving paramount attention to human experience, both in its everyday immediacy and in its positive or negative extremes...The human-centredness of Renaissance art, moreover, was not just a generalized endorsement of earthly experience. Like the humanists, Italian artists stressed the autonomy and dignity of the individual."[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/275932/humanism/11824/Anthropocentricity-and-individualism "Humanism" on Encyclopedia Britannica]</ref>

Pagbabago noong 00:15, 2 Disyembre 2011

Ang Indibidwalismo ay ang paninindigang moral, pilosopiyang pampulitika, ideyolohiya, o pananaw na panlipunan na nagbibigay-diin sa "ang kahalagahang moral ng indibidwal".[1] Isinusulong ng mga indibidwalista ang pagsasakatuparan ng mga layunin o mga nais ng isang tao, kaya't ang pinahahalagahan ay ang kalayaan at pansariling kapakanan[2] habang tinututulan ang karamihan sa panlabas na mga panghihimasok sa pansariling mga kainaman, maging ng lipunan, mag-anak o anumang iba pang pangkat o institusyon.[2]

Ginagawa ng indibidwalismo na maging tuon ng pansin nito ang indibidwal[1] kung kaya't nagsisimula "na may pundamental na premisa o pahayag na ang indibidwal na tao ay may pangunahing kahalagahan sa pagpupunyagi para sa kalayaan." Ang Liberalismong klasikal (kasama ang libertaryanismo), eksistensyalismo at anarkismo (natatangi na ang anarkismong indibidwalismo) at Obhetismo ay mga halimbawa ng mga kilusang ginagamit ang indibidwal na tao bilang isang panggitnang yunit ng pagsusuri.[3]

It has also been used as a term denoting "The quality of being an individual; individuality"[2] related to possessing "An individual characteristic; a quirk."[2] Individualism is thus also associated with artistic and bohemian interests and lifestyles where there is a tendency towards self creation and experimentation as opposed to tradition or popular mass opinions and behaviors[2][4] as so also with humanist philosophical positions and ethics.[5][6]

Mga sanggunian

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/286303/individualism "Individualism" sa Encyclopedia Britannica Online
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 http://www.thefreedictionary.com/individualism "individualism" sa The Free Dictionary
  3. ↑ L. Susan Brown. The Politics of Individualism: Liberalism, Liberal Feminism, and Anarchism. BLACK ROSE BOOKS LID. 1993
  4. ↑ http://www.jstor.org/pss/2570771 Bohemianism: the underworld of Art by George S. Snyderman and William Josephs
  5. ↑ "The leading intellectual trait of the era was the recovery, to a certain degree, of the secular and humane philosophy of Greece and Rome. Another humanist trend which cannot be ignored was the rebirth of individualism, which, developed by Greece and Rome to a remarkable degree, had been suppressed by the rise of a caste system in the later Roman Empire, by the Church and by feudalism in the Middle Ages."The history guide: Lectures on Modern European Intellectual History"
  6. ↑ "Anthropocentricity and individualism...Humanism and Italian art were similar in giving paramount attention to human experience, both in its everyday immediacy and in its positive or negative extremes...The human-centredness of Renaissance art, moreover, was not just a generalized endorsement of earthly experience. Like the humanists, Italian artists stressed the autonomy and dignity of the individual.""Humanism" on Encyclopedia Britannica
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