Dinastiyang Selyusida

Ang artikulong ito ay tungkol sa dinastiyang Turko. Para sa dinastiyang Griyego, tingnan ang Dinastiyang Selewsida.

Ang dinastiyang Selyusida (Ingles: Seljuk /ˈsɛldʒʊk/ SEL-juuk; o Seljukids^[1]^[2] Persa: سلجوقیان‎ Saljuqian,^[3] alternatibong binabaybay bilang Seljuq o Saljuq), kilala din bilang mga Turkong Selyusida,^[4] mga Turkomanong Selyusida^[5] o ang the mga Saljuqid,^[6] ay isang Turkong Oghuz na dinastiyang Sunni Muslim na unti-unting naging Persiyanato at nag-ambag sa tradisyong Turko-Persa^[7]^[8] sa medyebal na Gitnang Silangan at Gitnang Asya. Itinatag ng mga Selyusida ang Imperyong Selyusida (1037–1194), ang Sultanato ng Kermân (1041–1186) at ang Sultanato ng Rum (1074–1308), na sa tugatog nila ay umabot mula sa Iran hanggang sa Anatolia at pangunahing tinatarget ng Unang Krusada.

Maagang kasaysayan

Nagmula ang mga Selyusida mula sa sangay ng Kinik ng mga Turkong Oghuz,^[9]^[10]^[11]^[12]^[13] na noong ika-8 dantaon ay namuhay sa paligid ng mundong Muslim, hilaga ng Dagat Kaspiyo at Dagat Aral sa kanilang estadong Oghuz Yabgu,^[14] sa kapatagan ng Kazakh ng Turkestan.^[15] Noong ika-10 dantaon, malapit na nakipag-ugnayan ang Oghuz sa mga lungsod ng Muslim .^[16]

Mga sanggunian

↑ Neiberg, Michael S. (2002). Warfare in World History (sa wikang Ingles). Routledge. pp. 19–20. ISBN 978-1-134-58342-3.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Harris, Jonathan (2014). Byzantium and the Crusades (sa wikang Ingles). Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 39–45. ISBN 978-1-78093-736-6.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Rāvandī, Muḥammad (1385). Rāḥat al-ṣudūr va āyat al-surūr dar tārīkh-i āl-i saljūq (sa wikang Ingles). Tihrān: Intishārāt-i Asāṭīr. ISBN 978-964-331-366-1.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Tetley, G.E (2009). Hillenbrand, Carole (pat.). The Ghaznavid and Seljuk Turks: Poetry as a Source for Iranian History (sa wikang Ingles). London and New York: Routledge. pp. 1–16. ISBN 978-0-415-43119-4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Fleet, Kate (2009). The Cambridge History of Turkey: Byzantium to Turkey, 1071–1453: Volume 1 (PDF) (sa wikang Ingles). Cambridge University Press. p. 1.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) "The defeat in August 1071 of the Byzantine emperor Romanos Diogenes by the Turkomans at the battle of Malazgirt (Manzikert) is taken as a turning point in the history of Anatolia and the Byzantine Empire."
↑ "The Saljuqids". Encyclopædia Iranica (sa wikang Ingles).
↑ Grousset, Rene, The Empire of the Steppes, (Rutgers University Press, 1991), 161, 164; "renewed the Seljuk attempt to found a great Turko-Persian empire in eastern Iran…", "It is to be noted that the Seljuks, those Turkomans who became sultans of Persia, did not Turkify Persia-no doubt because they did not wish to do so. On the contrary, it was they who voluntarily became Persians and who, in the manner of the great old Sassanid kings, strove to protect the Iranian populations from the plundering of Ghuzz bands and save Iranian culture from the Turkoman menace." (sa Ingles)
↑ Nishapuri, Zahir al-Din Nishapuri (2001), "The History of the Seljuq Turks from the Jami’ al-Tawarikh: An Ilkhanid Adaptation of the Saljuq-nama of Zahir al-Din Nishapuri," Partial tr. K.A. Luther, ed. C.E. Bosworth, Richmond, UK. K.A. Luther, p. 9: "[T]he Turks were illiterate and uncultivated when they arrived in Khurasan and had to depend on Iranian scribes, poets, jurists and theologians to man the institution of the Empire") (sa Ingles)
↑ Concise Britannica Online Seljuq Dynasty Naka-arkibo 2007-01-14 sa Wayback Machine. na artikulo (sa Ingles)
↑ Merriam-Webster Online – Definition of Seljuk Naka-arkibo 2007-10-15 sa Wayback Machine. (sa Ingles)
↑ The History of the Seljuq Turks: From the Jami Al-Tawarikh (LINK Naka-arkibo 2022-12-26 sa Wayback Machine.) (sa Ingles)
↑ Shaw, Stanford. History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey (LINK Naka-arkibo 2022-12-26 sa Wayback Machine.) (sa Ingles)
↑ Golden, Peter B. (1992). An Introduction to the History of the Turkic People. Otto Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden. p. 209 (sa Ingles)
↑ Wink, Andre, Al Hind: the Making of the Indo-Islamic World Brill Academic Publishers, 1996, ISBN 978-90-04-09249-5 p. 9 (sa Ingles)
↑ Islam: An Illustrated History, p. 51 (sa Ingles)
↑ Michael Adas, Agricultural and Pastoral Societies in Ancient and Classical History, (Temple University Press, 2001), 99. (sa Ingles)

[1] Neiberg, Michael S. (2002). Warfare in World History (sa wikang Ingles). Routledge. pp. 19–20. ISBN 978-1-134-58342-3.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[2] Harris, Jonathan (2014). Byzantium and the Crusades (sa wikang Ingles). Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 39–45. ISBN 978-1-78093-736-6.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[3] Rāvandī, Muḥammad (1385). Rāḥat al-ṣudūr va āyat al-surūr dar tārīkh-i āl-i saljūq (sa wikang Ingles). Tihrān: Intishārāt-i Asāṭīr. ISBN 978-964-331-366-1.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[4] Tetley, G.E (2009). Hillenbrand, Carole (pat.). The Ghaznavid and Seljuk Turks: Poetry as a Source for Iranian History (sa wikang Ingles). London and New York: Routledge. pp. 1–16. ISBN 978-0-415-43119-4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[manzikert-5] Fleet, Kate (2009). The Cambridge History of Turkey: Byzantium to Turkey, 1071–1453: Volume 1 (PDF) (sa wikang Ingles). Cambridge University Press. p. 1.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) "The defeat in August 1071 of the Byzantine emperor Romanos Diogenes by the Turkomans at the battle of Malazgirt (Manzikert) is taken as a turning point in the history of Anatolia and the Byzantine Empire."

[6] "The Saljuqids". Encyclopædia Iranica (sa wikang Ingles).

[7] Grousset, Rene, The Empire of the Steppes, (Rutgers University Press, 1991), 161, 164; "renewed the Seljuk attempt to found a great Turko-Persian empire in eastern Iran…", "It is to be noted that the Seljuks, those Turkomans who became sultans of Persia, did not Turkify Persia-no doubt because they did not wish to do so. On the contrary, it was they who voluntarily became Persians and who, in the manner of the great old Sassanid kings, strove to protect the Iranian populations from the plundering of Ghuzz bands and save Iranian culture from the Turkoman menace." (sa Ingles)

[8] Nishapuri, Zahir al-Din Nishapuri (2001), "The History of the Seljuq Turks from the Jami’ al-Tawarikh: An Ilkhanid Adaptation of the Saljuq-nama of Zahir al-Din Nishapuri," Partial tr. K.A. Luther, ed. C.E. Bosworth, Richmond, UK. K.A. Luther, p. 9: "[T]he Turks were illiterate and uncultivated when they arrived in Khurasan and had to depend on Iranian scribes, poets, jurists and theologians to man the institution of the Empire") (sa Ingles)

[9] Concise Britannica Online Seljuq Dynasty Naka-arkibo 2007-01-14 sa Wayback Machine. na artikulo (sa Ingles)

[10] Merriam-Webster Online – Definition of Seljuk Naka-arkibo 2007-10-15 sa Wayback Machine. (sa Ingles)

[11] The History of the Seljuq Turks: From the Jami Al-Tawarikh (LINK Naka-arkibo 2022-12-26 sa Wayback Machine.) (sa Ingles)

[12] Shaw, Stanford. History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey (LINK Naka-arkibo 2022-12-26 sa Wayback Machine.) (sa Ingles)

[13] Golden, Peter B. (1992). An Introduction to the History of the Turkic People. Otto Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden. p. 209 (sa Ingles)

[14] Wink, Andre, Al Hind: the Making of the Indo-Islamic World Brill Academic Publishers, 1996, ISBN 978-90-04-09249-5 p. 9 (sa Ingles)

[15] Islam: An Illustrated History, p. 51 (sa Ingles)

[Adas-16] Michael Adas, Agricultural and Pastoral Societies in Ancient and Classical History, (Temple University Press, 2001), 99. (sa Ingles)

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