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Padron:Infobox copper

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Copper, 29Cu
Native copper (~4 cm in size)
Copper
AppearanceRed-orange metallic luster
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Cu)
  • 63.546±0.003
  • 63.546±0.003 (pinaikli)[1][2]
Copper sa talahanayang peryodiko
Hydrogen Helium
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Cu

Ag
nickelcopperzinc
Atomikong bilang (Z)29
Group11
Period4
Block  d-block
Electron configuration[Ar] 3d10 4s1
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 1
Physical properties
Phase at STPsolido
Melting point1357.77 K ​(1084.62 °C, ​1984.32 °F)
Boiling point2835 K ​(2562 °C, ​4643 °F)
Density (at 20° C)8.935 g/cm3[3]
when liquid (at m.p.)8.02 g/cm3
Heat of fusion13.26 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization300.4 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity24.440 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 1509 1661 1850 2089 2404 2834
Atomic properties
Oxidation states−2, 0,[4] +1, +2, +3, +4 (isang katamtamang panimulang oksido)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.90
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 745.5 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 1957.9 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 3555 kJ/mol
  • (more)
Atomic radiusempirical: 128 pm
Covalent radius132±4 pm
Van der Waals radius140 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Mga linyang espektral ng copper
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordiyal
Crystal structureface-centered cubic (fcc) (cF4)
Lattice constant
Face-centered cubic crystal structure for copper
a = 361.50 pm (at 20 °C)[3]
Thermal expansion16.64×10−6/K (at 20 °C)[3]
Thermal conductivity401 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity16.78 nΩ⋅m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderingdiamagnetic[5]
Molar magnetic susceptibility−5.46×10−6 cm3/mol[6]
Young's modulus110–128 GPa
Shear modulus48 GPa
Bulk modulus140 GPa
Speed of sound thin rod(annealed)
3810 m/s (at r.t.)
Poisson ratio0.34
Mohs hardness3.0
Vickers hardness343–369 MPa
Brinell hardness235–878 MPa
CAS Number7440-50-8
History
Namingafter Cyprus, principal mining place in Roman era (Cyprium)
DiscoveryMiddle East (9000 BC)
Symbol"Cu": mula sa Latin na cuprum
Isotopes of copper
Main isotopes[7] Decay
abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct
63Cu 69.2% stable
64Cu synth 12.70 h β+ 64Ni
β 64Zn
65Cu 30.9% stable
67Cu synth 61.83 h β 67Zn
Kategorya Kategorya: Copper
| references
Cu · Copper
Ni ←

ibox Ni

iso29 Cu  [e]
IB-Cu [e]
IBisos [e]
→ Zn

ibox Zn

indexes by PT (page)
child table, as reused in {IB-Cu}
Main isotopes of copper
Main isotopes[7] Decay
abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct
63Cu 69.2% stable
64Cu synth 12.70 h β+ 64Ni
β 64Zn
65Cu 30.9% stable
67Cu synth 61.83 h β 67Zn
  Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Top image (caption, alt)
Pronunciation
Allotropes (demo)
Group (demo)
Period (demo)
Block (demo)
Standard atomic weight
  most stable isotope
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Wikidata *
Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2021-12-24)
See also Kategorya:Infobox element data sets (0)

Talababa

  1. "Standard Atomic Weights: Copper" (sa wikang Ingles). CIAAW. 1969.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  2. Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry (sa wikang Ingles). doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  4. Moret, Marc-Etienne; Zhang, Limei; Peters, Jonas C. (2013). "A Polar Copper–Boron One-Electron σ-Bond". J. Am. Chem. Soc (sa wikang Ingles). 135 (10): 3792–3795. doi:10.1021/ja4006578. PMID 23418750.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  5. Lide, D. R., pat. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (ika-86th (na) edisyon). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal (PDF) noong 2011-03-03.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  6. Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  7. 7.0 7.1 Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)