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Padron:Infobox tungsten

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Tungsten, 74W
Tungsten
Bigkas /ˈtʌŋstən/ (TUNG-stən)
Alternative nameWolfram, pronounced: /ˈwʊlfrəm/ (WUUL-frəm)
Allotropesα-tungsteno (karaniwan), β-tungsteno
AppearanceGrayish white, lustrous
Standard atomic weight Ar°(W)
  • 183.84±0.01
  • 183.84±0.01 (pinaikli)[1][2]
Tungsten sa talahanayang peryodiko
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
Mo

W

Sg
tantalumtungstenrhenium
Atomikong bilang (Z)74
Group6
Period6
Block  d-block
Electron configuration[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2[3]
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 32, 12, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STPsolido
Melting point3695 K ​(3422 °C, ​6192 °F)
Boiling point6203 K ​(5930 °C, ​10706 °F)
Density (at 20° C)19.254 g/cm3[4]
when liquid (at m.p.)17.6 g/cm3
Heat of fusion52.31 kJ/mol[5][6]
Heat of vaporization774 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity24.27 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 3477 3773 4137 4579 5127 5823
Atomic properties
Oxidation states−4, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6 (isang katamtamang asidikong oksido)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 2.36
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 770 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 1700 kJ/mol
Atomic radiusempirical: 139 pm
Covalent radius162±7 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Mga linyang espektral ng tungsten
Other properties
Crystal structurebody-centered cubic (bcc) (cI2)
Lattice constant
Body-centered cubic crystal structure for tungsten
a = 316.52 pm (at 20 °C)[4]
Thermal expansion4.42×10−6/K (at 20 °C)[4]
Thermal conductivity173 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity52.8 nΩ⋅m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic[7]
Molar magnetic susceptibility+59.0×10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)[8]
Young's modulus411 GPa
Shear modulus161 GPa
Bulk modulus310 GPa
Speed of sound thin rod4620 m/s (at r.t.) (annealed)
Poisson ratio0.28
Mohs hardness7.5
Vickers hardness3430–4600 MPa
Brinell hardness2000–4000 MPa
CAS Number7440-33-7
History
Discovery and first isolationJuan José Elhuyar and Fausto Elhuyar[9] (1783)
Named byTorbern Bergman (1781)
Symbol"W": mula sa Wolfram, orihinal mula sa Gitnang Mataas na Aleman na wolf-rahm 'bula ng lobo' na sinasalarawan ang mineral na wolpramita[10]
Isotopes of tungsten
Main isotopes Decay
abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct
180W 0.120% 1.8×1018 y α 176Hf
181W synth 121.2 d ε 181Ta
182W 26.5% stable
183W 14.3% stable
184W 30.6% stable
185W synth 75.1 d β 185Re
186W 28.4% stable
188W synth 69.78 d β 188Re
Kategorya Kategorya: Tungsten
| references
W · Tungsten
Ta ←

ibox Ta

iso74 W  [e]
IB-W [e]
IBisos [e]
→ Re

ibox Re

indexes by PT (page)
child table, as reused in {IB-W}
Main isotopes of tungsten
Main isotopes Decay
abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct
180W 0.120% 1.8×1018 y α 176Hf
181W synth 121.2 d ε 181Ta
182W 26.5% stable
183W 14.3% stable
184W 30.6% stable
185W synth 75.1 d β 185Re
186W 28.4% stable
188W synth 69.78 d β 188Re
  Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Top image (caption, alt)
Pronunciation
Allotropes (demo)
Group (demo)
Period (demo)
Block (demo)
Standard atomic weight
  most stable isotope
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Wikidata *
Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2021-12-24)
See also Kategorya:Infobox element data sets (0)

Talababa

  1. "Standard Atomic Weights: Tungsten" (sa wikang Ingles). CIAAW. 1991.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  2. Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry (sa wikang Ingles). doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  3. Berger, Dan. "Why does Tungsten not 'Kick' up an electron from the s sublevel ?". Bluffton College, USA.
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  5. Lide, David R., pat. (2009). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (ika-90th (na) edisyon). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. p. 6-134. ISBN 978-1-4200-9084-0.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  6. Tolias P. (2017). "Analytical expressions for thermophysical properties of solid and liquid tungsten relevant for fusion applications". Nuclear Materials and Energy. 13: 42–57. arXiv:1703.06302. Bibcode:2017arXiv170306302T. doi:10.1016/j.nme.2017.08.002. S2CID 99610871.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  7. Lide, D. R., pat. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds" (PDF). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (ika-86th (na) edisyon). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-0486-6. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal (PDF) noong 2011-03-03.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  8. Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. p. E110. ISBN 978-0-8493-0464-4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  9. "Tungsten". Royal Society of Chemistry. Royal Society of Chemistry. Nakuha noong Mayo 2, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  10. van der Krogt, Peter. "Wolframium Wolfram Tungsten" (sa wikang Ingles). Elementymology& Elements Multidict. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 2010-01-23. Nakuha noong 2010-03-11.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)