Padron:Infobox thorium

Thorium, ₉₀Th

Thorium
Bigkas	/ˈθɔːriəm/ ​(THOR-ee-əm)
Appearance	silvery
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Th)
	232.0377±0.0004 232.04±0.01 (pinaikli)
Thorium sa talahanayang peryodiko
Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson Ce ↑ Th ↓ — actinium ← thorium → protactinium
Atomikong bilang (Z)	90
Group	n/a
Period	7
Block	f-block
Electron configuration	[Rn] 6d2 7s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 10, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solido
Melting point	2023 K ​(1750 °C, ​3182 °F)
Boiling point	5061 K ​(4788 °C, ​8650 °F)
Density (at 20° C)	11.725 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	13.81 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	514 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	26.230 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 2633 2907 3248 3683 4259 5055
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	−1, +1, +2, +3, +4 (isang mahinang panimulang oksido)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.3
Ionization energies	1st: 587 kJ/mol 2nd: 1110 kJ/mol 3rd: 1930 kJ/mol
Atomic radius	empirical: 179.8 pm
Covalent radius	206±6 pm
Mga linyang espektral ng thorium
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordiyal
Crystal structure	​face-centered cubic (fcc) (cF4)
Lattice constant	a = 508.45 pm (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	11.54×10−6/K (at 20 °C)
Thermal conductivity	54.0 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	157 nΩ⋅m (at 0 °C)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Molar magnetic susceptibility	132.0×10−6 cm3/mol (293 K)
Young's modulus	79 GPa
Shear modulus	31 GPa
Bulk modulus	54 GPa
Speed of sound thin rod	2490 m/s (at 20 °C)
Poisson ratio	0.27
Mohs hardness	3.0
Vickers hardness	295–685 MPa
Brinell hardness	390–1500 MPa
CAS Number	7440-29-1
History
Naming	after Thor, the Norse god of thunder
Discovery	Jöns Jakob Berzelius (1829)
Isotopes of thorium
Main isotopes Decay abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct 227Th trace 18.68 d α 223Ra 228Th trace 1.9116 y α 224Ra 229Th trace 7917 y α 225Ra 230Th 0.02% 75400 y α 226Ra 231Th trace 25.5 h β− 231Pa 232Th 100.0% 1.405×1010 y α 228Ra 233Th trace 21.83 min β− 233Pa 234Th trace 24.1 d β− 234Pa

Th · Thorium
Ac ← ibox Ac	iso90 Th  [] IB-Th [] IBisos []	→ Pa ibox Pa
cat:Th (0) cat:Th-isotopes (0)  Commons  Wikidata:Q1115  Wiktionary
indexes by PT (page)

child table, as reused in {IB-Th}
Main isotopes of thorium
Main isotopes Decay abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct 227Th trace 18.68 d α 223Ra 228Th trace 1.9116 y α 224Ra 229Th trace 7917 y α 225Ra 230Th 0.02% 75400 y α 226Ra 231Th trace 25.5 h β− 231Pa 232Th 100.0% 1.405×1010 y α 228Ra 233Th trace 21.83 min β− 233Pa 234Th trace 24.1 d β− 234Pa

Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Top image (caption, alt)
Pronunciation
Allotropes (demo)
Group (demo)
Period (demo)
Block (demo)
Standard atomic weight
most stable isotope
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Wikidata *
Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2021-12-24) See also Category:Infobox element data sets (0)

Talababa

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Dokumentasyon sa padron [tingnan] [baguhin] [nakaraan] [purga]

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ionization energy ref

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ionization energy comment

Numbered values make a list:

ionization energy

ionization energy 2

ionization energy 3

Parameter list

This parameter list:  See also: Infobox element/testcases-all-params demo. {{Infobox element |name= |symbol= |number= <!-- image --> |image name= |image upright= |spectral image=<!-- central data list --> <!-- General properties --> |pronounce=<!-- central data list --> |alt name= |alt names= |allotropes= |appearance= |standard atomic weight=<!-- central data list --> <!-- Periodic table --> |above= |below= |left= |right= |category ref= |category comment= |category color= |group= |group ref= |group comment= |period= |period ref= |period comment= |block= |block ref= |block comment= |electron configuration= |electron configuration ref= |electron configuration comment= |electrons per shell= |electrons per shell ref= |electrons per shell comment= <!-- Physical properties --> |physical properties comment= |color= |phase= |phase ref= |phase comment= |melting point K= |melting point C= |melting point F= |melting point ref= |melting point comment= |boiling point K= |boiling point C= |boiling point F= |boiling point ref= |boiling point comment= |sublimation point K= |sublimation point C= |sublimation point F= |sublimation point ref= |sublimation point comment= |density gplstp= |density gplstp ref= |density gplstp comment= |density kgpm3stp= |density kgpm3stp ref= |density kgpm3stp comment= |density gpcm3nrt= |density gpcm3nrt ref= |density gpcm3nrt comment= |density gpcm3nrt 2= |density gpcm3nrt 2 ref= |density gpcm3nrt 2 comment= |density gpcm3nrt 3= |density gpcm3nrt 3 ref= |density gpcm3nrt 3 comment= |density gpcm3mp= |density gpcm3mp ref= |density gpcm3mp comment= |density gpcm3bp= |density gpcm3bp ref= |density gpcm3bp comment= |molar volume= |molar volume unit = |molar volume ref= |molar volume comment= |triple point K= |triple point kPa= |triple point ref= |triple point comment= |triple point K 2= |triple point kPa 2= |triple point 2 ref= |triple point 2 comment= |critical point K= |critical point MPa= |critical point ref= |critical point comment= |heat fusion= |heat fusion ref= |heat fusion comment= |heat fusion 2= |heat fusion 2 ref= |heat fusion 2 comment= |heat vaporization= |heat vaporization ref= |heat vaporization comment= |heat capacity= |heat capacity ref= |heat capacity comment= |heat capacity 2= |heat capacity 2 ref= |heat capacity 2 comment= |vapor pressure 1= |vapor pressure 10= |vapor pressure 100= |vapor pressure 1 k= |vapor pressure 10 k= |vapor pressure 100 k= |vapor pressure ref= |vapor pressure comment= |vapor pressure 1 2= |vapor pressure 10 2= |vapor pressure 100 2= |vapor pressure 1 k 2= |vapor pressure 10 k 2= |vapor pressure 100 k 2= |vapor pressure 2 ref= |vapor pressure 2 comment= <!-- Atomic properties --> |atomic properties comment= |electronegativity= |electronegativity ref= |electronegativity comment= |ionization energy 1= |ionization energy 1 ref= |ionization energy 1 comment= |ionization energy 2= |ionization energy 2 ref= |ionization energy 2 comment= |ionization energy 3= |ionization energy 3 ref= |ionization energy 3 comment= |number of ionization energies= |ionization energy ref= |ionization energy comment= |atomic radius= |atomic radius ref= |atomic radius comment= |atomic radius calculated= |atomic radius calculated ref= |atomic radius calculated comment= |covalent radius= |covalent radius ref= |covalent radius comment= |Van der Waals radius= |Van der Waals radius ref= |Van der Waals radius comment= <!-- Miscellanea --> |crystal structure= |crystal structure prefix= |crystal structure ref= |crystal structure comment= |lattice constant= |crystal structure 2= |crystal structure 2 prefix= |crystal structure 2 ref= |crystal structure 2 comment= |lattice constant 2= |speed of sound= |speed of sound ref= |speed of sound comment= |speed of sound rod at 20= |speed of sound rod at 20 ref= |speed of sound rod at 20 comment= |speed of sound rod at r.t.= |speed of sound rod at r.t. ref= |speed of sound rod at r.t. comment= |thermal expansion= |thermal expansion ref= |thermal expansion comment= |thermal expansion at 25= |thermal expansion at 25 ref= |thermal expansion at 25 comment= |thermal conductivity= |thermal conductivity ref= |thermal conductivity comment= |thermal conductivity 2= |thermal conductivity 2 ref= |thermal conductivity 2 comment= |thermal diffusivity= |thermal diffusivity ref= |thermal diffusivity comment= |electrical resistivity= |electrical resistivity unit prefix= |electrical resistivity ref= |electrical resistivity comment= |electrical resistivity at 0= |electrical resistivity at 0 ref= |electrical resistivity at 0 comment= |electrical resistivity at 20= |electrical resistivity at 20 ref= |electrical resistivity at 20 comment= |band gap= |band gap ref= |band gap comment= |Curie point K= |Curie point ref= |Curie point comment= |magnetic ordering= |magnetic ordering ref= |magnetic ordering comment= |tensile strength= |tensile strength ref= |tensile strength comment= |Young's modulus= |Young's modulus ref= |Young's modulus comment= |Shear modulus= |Shear modulus ref= |Shear modulus comment= |Bulk modulus= |Bulk modulus ref= |Bulk modulus comment= |Poisson ratio= |Poisson ratio ref= |Poisson ratio comment= |Mohs hardness= |Mohs hardness ref= |Mohs hardness comment= |Mohs hardness 2= |Mohs hardness 2 ref= |Mohs hardness 2 comment= |Vickers hardness= |Vickers hardness ref= |Vickers hardness comment= |Brinell hardness= |Brinell hardness ref= |Brinell hardness comment= |CAS number= |CAS number ref= |CAS number comment= <!-- History --> |naming= |predicted by= |prediction date ref= |prediction date= |discovered by= |discovery date ref= |discovery date= |first isolation by= |first isolation date ref= |first isolation date= |discovery and first isolation by= |named by= |named date ref= |named date= |history comment label= |history comment= <!-- Isotopes not here --> <!-- other --> |engvar= |QID= }} <span class="nowrap">{{</span>[[Template:Infobox element|Infobox element]]<span class="nowrap">}}</span>; labels & notes:   (Image)       GENERAL PROPERTIES Name [[Chemical symbol|Symbol]] Pronunciation (data central)   Alternative name(s)   [[Allotropy|Allotropes]] Appearance <element> IN THE PERIODIC TABLE [[Periodic table]]       [[Atomic number]] [[Atomic weight|Standard atomic weight]] (data central)   [[Names for sets of chemical elements|Element category]] (also header bg color)     (sets header bg color, over 'series='-color) [[Group (periodic table)|Group]]     [[Period (periodic table)|Period]]     [[Block (periodic table)|Block]]     [[Electron configuration]]     Electrons per shell     PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (general note) Color [[Phase (matter)|Phase]]     [[Melting point]]         [[Boiling point]]         [[Sublimation point]]         [[Density]] [g/L at s.t.p.]     [[Density]] [kg/m3 at s.t.p.]     Density [g/cm3 near room temperature]      [g/cm3 near r.t.], #2      [g/cm3 near r.t.], #3     Density (liquid, melting point) [g/cm3]     Density (liquid, boiling point) [g/cm3]     [[Molar volume]] Unit defaults to cm3/mol  otherwise set unit prefix=d for dm3/mol (gases)   [[Triple point]]               [[Critical point (thermodynamics)|Critical point]]       [[Enthalpy of fusion|Heat of fusion]]           [[Enthalpy of vaporization|Heat of vaporization]]     [[Molar heat capacity]]           [[Vapor pressure]]               Vapor pressure               ATOMIC PROPERTIES [[Electronegativity]]     [[Ionization energy]]                       [[Atomic radius]]           [[Covalent radius]]     [[Van der Waals radius]]     MISCELLANEA [[Crystal structure]]       Crystal structure       [[Speed of sound]]                 [[Coefficient of thermal expansion|Thermal expansion]]           [[Thermal conductivity]]           [[Thermal diffusivity]]     [[Electrical resistivity and conductivity|Electrical resistivity]]                   [[Band gap]]     [[Curie temperature|Curie point]]     [[Magnetism|Magnetic ordering]]     [[Ultimate tensile strength|Tensile strength]]     [[Young's modulus]]     [[Shear modulus]]     [[Bulk modulus]]     [[Poisson's ratio|Poisson ratio]]     [[Mohs scale of mineral hardness|Mohs hardness]]           [[Vickers hardness test|Vickers hardness]]     [[Brinell hardness test|Brinell hardness]]     [[CAS registry number|CAS Number]]     HISTORY Naming Prediction   () [[Timeline of chemical element discoveries|Discovery]]   () First isolation   () Discovery and first isolation (1 or 2 dates) Named by   ()   (History comment)   ([[WP:ENGVAR|wp:engvar]])

Chemical element data sets

Infobox element reads data from these lists (i.e., not by local parameter)

Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Top image (caption, alt)
Pronunciation
Allotropes (demo)
Group (demo)
Period (demo)
Block (demo)
Standard atomic weight
most stable isotope
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Wikidata *
Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2021-12-24) See also Category:Infobox element data sets (0)

Main isotopes box

Magmula noong 7 Jan 2023, the "Main isotopes of <element>" tabular list will be read directly from the Isobox: "Infobox <element> isotopes". For example, {{Infobox uranium}} will read the table live from {{Infobox uranium isotopes}}.

The headerbar provides View-Edit links to that Isobox.

Main isotopes of uranium

Reused Main Isotopes table listed in Category:Infobox element isotopes templates (0).

Theoretical elements handling (E119)

Magmula noong 1 Jan 2023, elements E119 and higher are not discovered. These are called theoretical elements. They can have article and other content pages though. Incidentally, this concerns period 8 completely. For the Infobox <element>, their redirected pages do not count (are treated as: "R page does not exist").

Possible situations regarding articles & discovery, are:

• "E118": E1–E118, discovered, existing full set, mentioned here for easy reference
• "E119": E119, E120
• "E121": E121, E122, E124, E126
• "E127, E185": E123, E125, E127 ... Unbitrium Redirect: no article, no other content pages.

Creation of pages is governed by . This infobox must distinguish between three typical (exemplary) elements: E118 (regular element), E119 and E121.

Handling of these element infoboxes is hardcoded in the meta-infobox, set by |number= (Z).

• Theoretical element: above-header shows

Theoretical element

Applied: when element is theoretical (E119 and higher).

• No article "Isotopes of <element>": Header does not link

E119: Main isotopes of ununennium

E121: Main isotopes of unbiunium

Applied: E119, E120 do link, E121 and higher do not link.

• No isotopes known, Isobox does not exist: local input, per Infobox. For example:

Transclusion of the isobox is suppressed (no redlink),

E119: |theoretical isotopes comment=Experiments and theoretical calculations

Applied: E119 and up: have no Isobox, so no isotopes lists is shown—at all. Instead, the parametertext is shown as present.

Theoretical elements & period 8: Existing pages overview (conforms magmula noong 4 Jan 2023)
Element			Content page					Notes
per	E	disc./ theor.	Page	Name	T: Infobox (E)	Isotopes of (E)	T: Isobox (E)	Page set pattern (4 Jan 2023)	note
	E118 (Og)	disc.	R	Oganesson R, cat:E118 (0)	{{IB oganesson}}	Isotopes of E118, cat:Isotopes E118 (0)	{{Isobox oganesson}}	E118	compare
	E119 (Uue)	theor.	redlink	Ununennium, cat:E119 (0)	{{Infobox E119}}	Isotopes of E119, cat:Isotopes E119 (0)	{{Isobox E119}}	E119	period 8 start
	E120 (Ubn)	theor.	redlink	Unbinilium, cat:E120 (0)	{{Infobox E120}}	Isotopes of E120, cat:Isotopes E120 (0)	{{Isobox E120}}	E119
	E121 (Ubu)	theor.	redlink	Unbiunium, cat:E121 (0)	{{Infobox E121}}	Isotopes of E121, cat:Isotopes E121 (0)	{{Isobox E121}}	E121
	E122 (Ubb)	theor.	redlink	Unbibium, cat:E122 (0)	{{Infobox E122}}	Isotopes of E122, cat:Isotopes E122 (0)	{{Isobox E122}}	E121
	E123 (Ubt)	theor.	redlink	Unbitrium, cat:E123 (0)	{{Infobox E123}}	Isotopes of E123, cat:Isotopes E123 (0)	{{Isobox E123}}	E127
	E124 (Ubq)	theor.	redlink	Unbiquadium, cat:E124 (0)	{{Infobox E124}}	Isotopes of E124, cat:Isotopes E124 (0)	{{Isobox E124}}	E121
	E125 (Ubp)	theor.	redlink	Unbipentium, cat:E125 (0)	{{Infobox E125}}	Isotopes of E125, cat:Isotopes E125 (0)	{{Isobox E125}}	E127
	E126 (Ubh)	theor.	redlink	Unbihexium, cat:E126 (0)	{{Infobox E126}}	Isotopes of E126, cat:Isotopes E126 (0)	{{Isobox E126}}	E121
	E127 (Ubs)	theor.	redlink	Unbiseptium, cat:E127 (0)	{{Infobox E127}}	Isotopes of E127, cat:Isotopes E127 (0)	{{Isobox E127}}	E127
	E128 (Ubo)	theor.	redlink	Unbioctium, cat:E128 (0)	{{Infobox E128}}	Isotopes of E128, cat:Isotopes E128 (0)	{{Isobox E128}}	E127
	E172 (Usb)	theor.	redlink	Unseptbium, cat:E172 (0)	{{Infobox E172}}	Isotopes of E172, cat:Isotopes E172 (0)	{{Isobox E172}}	E127	End of period 8 ("NG")
	E127–E184		R					E127	E127–E184 = 58 elements
	E184 (Uoq)	theor.	redlink	Unoctquadium, cat:E184 (0)	{{Infobox E184}}	Isotopes of E184, cat:Isotopes E184 (0)	{{Isobox E184}}	E127
	E185 (Uop)	theor.	redlink	Unoctpentium, cat:E185 (0)	{{Infobox E185}}	Isotopes of E185, cat:Isotopes E185 (0)	{{Isobox E185}}	E185
				cat:Elements (0)	cat:IB (E) (53) meta:{{IB element}}	cat:List of isotopes (E) (0)	cat:Isobox (E) (0) meta:{{Isobox (E)}}
Sets of existing pages, by exemplary element: Magmula noong 4 Jan 2023, conforms (no idle pages created; redirects for element names only)
Uue–Uoq (E119–E184) each have an article page by their systematic name. That is 66 article page. Six of these are content pages (articles), and 58 are a redirect. R: Redirects are non-content pages. Treated as non-existant page. E172 would be the end of period 8 ("noble gas") and E173 would be the beginning of period 9. {{Index by periodic table}} · Category:Hypothetical chemical elements (0)

Subtemplates

These subtemplates are used automatically; they do not need specific editor's input.

• {{Infobox element/pronunciation}} (data)
• {{Infobox element/standard atomic weight format}}
• {{Infobox element/block format}}
• {{Infobox element/periodic table}} (extends period 8 when atomic number ≥ 119. See {{Infobox ununennium}}).

Bare Periodic table, micro

• {{Infobox element/spectral lines}}
• {{Infobox element/vapor pressure table}}
• {{Infobox element/crystal structure}}

English variant spellings (ENGVAR)

All element articles and their infoboxes use IUPAC spelling of elements and compounds. Notably, that is aluminium, sulfur, caesium, not aluminum, sulphur, cesium. For other English variant words (vapor vs. vapour) the infobox reads |engvar=. The parameter should be set in the article, and has options: en-US (or blank; default), en-GB, en-OED.

parameter	en-US (default)	en-GB	en-OED
color	color	coloUr	coloUr
heat vaporization	vaporiZation	vaporiSation	vaporiZation
vapor pressure	vapor	vapoUr	vapoUr
ionization energy	ioniZation	ioniSation	ioniZation
crystal structure (list)	-centEred	-centred	-centred
... oxidation-state/comment	parenthesized	brackets	brackets

Note, what is shown in the infobox is not influenced by the parameter name spelling, nor its input value.

Articles having engvar set: see Category:WikiProject Elements pages using ENGVAR (1)

TemplateData

TemplateData documentation used by VisualEditor and other tools

Pindutin ito para makita ang buwanang ulat sa paggamit sa parameter ng padron na ito base sa TemplateData na ito. TemplateData ng Infobox thorium No description. Mga parametro ng padron[Edit template data] Pangalan Paglalarawan Type Katayuan symbol symbol no description Unknown optional number number no description Unknown optional name name no description Unknown optional image name image name no description Unknown optional image upright image upright no description Unknown optional proposed name proposed name no description Unknown optional alt names alt names no description Unknown optional alt name alt name no description Unknown optional appearance appearance no description Unknown optional standard atomic weight ref standard atomic weight ref no description Unknown optional mass number comment mass number comment no description Unknown optional abundance abundance no description Unknown optional abundance in earth's crust abundance in earth's crust no description Unknown optional abundance in oceans abundance in oceans no description Unknown optional abundance in solar system abundance in solar system no description Unknown optional above above no description Unknown optional below below no description Unknown optional left left no description Unknown optional right right no description Unknown optional group ref group ref no description Unknown optional group comment group comment no description Unknown optional period ref period ref no description Unknown optional period comment period comment no description Unknown optional block ref block ref no description Unknown optional block comment block comment no description Unknown optional electron configuration comment electron configuration comment no description Unknown optional electrons per shell electrons per shell no description Unknown optional electrons per shell ref electrons per shell ref no description Unknown optional electrons per shell comment electrons per shell comment no description Unknown optional physical properties comment physical properties comment no description Unknown optional physical properties physical properties no description Unknown optional engvar engvar no description Unknown optional color color no description Unknown optional phase phase no description Unknown optional phase comment phase comment no description Unknown optional melting point K melting point K no description Unknown optional melting point prefix melting point prefix no description Unknown optional melting point C melting point C no description Unknown optional melting point F melting point F no description Unknown optional melting point ref melting point ref no description Unknown optional melting point comment melting point comment no description Unknown optional boiling point K boiling point K no description Unknown optional boiling point prefix boiling point prefix no description Unknown optional boiling point C boiling point C no description Unknown optional boiling point F boiling point F no description Unknown optional boiling point ref boiling point ref no description Unknown optional boiling point comment boiling point comment no description Unknown optional sublimation point K sublimation point K no description Unknown optional sublimation point C sublimation point C no description Unknown optional sublimation point F sublimation point F no description Unknown optional sublimation point ref sublimation point ref no description Unknown optional sublimation point comment sublimation point comment no description Unknown optional density gplstp density gplstp no description Unknown optional density gplstp ref density gplstp ref no description Unknown optional density gplstp comment density gplstp comment no description Unknown optional density gpcm3nrt density gpcm3nrt no description Unknown optional density gpcm3nrt ref density gpcm3nrt ref no description Unknown optional density gpcm3nrt comment density gpcm3nrt comment no description Unknown optional density gpcm3nrt 2 density gpcm3nrt 2 no description Unknown optional density gpcm3nrt 2 ref density gpcm3nrt 2 ref no description Unknown optional density gpcm3nrt 2 comment density gpcm3nrt 2 comment no description Unknown optional density gpcm3nrt 3 density gpcm3nrt 3 no description Unknown optional density gpcm3nrt 3 ref density gpcm3nrt 3 ref no description Unknown optional density gpcm3nrt 3 comment density gpcm3nrt 3 comment no description Unknown optional density gpcm3mp density gpcm3mp no description Unknown optional density gpcm3mp ref density gpcm3mp ref no description Unknown optional density gpcm3mp comment density gpcm3mp comment no description Unknown optional density gpcm3bp density gpcm3bp no description Unknown optional density gpcm3bp ref density gpcm3bp ref no description Unknown optional density gpcm3bp comment density gpcm3bp comment no description Unknown optional molar volume molar volume no description Unknown optional molar volume unit molar volume unit no description Unknown optional molar volume ref molar volume ref no description Unknown optional molar volume comment molar volume comment no description Unknown optional triple point K triple point K no description Unknown optional triple point kPa triple point kPa no description Unknown optional triple point ref triple point ref no description Unknown optional triple point comment triple point comment no description Unknown optional triple point K 2 triple point K 2 no description Unknown optional triple point kPa 2 triple point kPa 2 no description Unknown optional triple point 2 ref triple point 2 ref no description Unknown optional triple point 2 comment triple point 2 comment no description Unknown optional critical point K critical point K no description Unknown optional critical point MPa critical point MPa no description Unknown optional critical point ref critical point ref no description Unknown optional critical point comment critical point comment no description Unknown optional heat fusion heat fusion no description Unknown optional heat fusion ref heat fusion ref no description Unknown optional heat fusion comment heat fusion comment no description Unknown optional heat fusion 2 heat fusion 2 no description Unknown optional heat fusion 2 ref heat fusion 2 ref no description Unknown optional heat fusion 2 comment heat fusion 2 comment no description Unknown optional heat vaporization heat vaporization no description Unknown optional heat vaporization ref heat vaporization ref no description Unknown optional heat vaporization comment heat vaporization comment no description Unknown optional heat capacity heat capacity no description Unknown optional heat capacity ref heat capacity ref no description Unknown optional heat capacity comment heat capacity comment no description Unknown optional heat capacity 2 heat capacity 2 no description Unknown optional heat capacity 2 ref heat capacity 2 ref no description Unknown optional heat capacity 2 comment heat capacity 2 comment no description Unknown optional vapor pressure 1 vapor pressure 1 no description Unknown optional vapor pressure 100 k vapor pressure 100 k no description Unknown optional vapor pressure ref vapor pressure ref no description Unknown optional vapor pressure comment vapor pressure comment no description Unknown optional vapor pressure 10 vapor pressure 10 no description Unknown optional vapor pressure 100 vapor pressure 100 no description Unknown optional vapor pressure 1 k vapor pressure 1 k no description Unknown optional vapor pressure 10 k vapor pressure 10 k no description Unknown optional vapor pressure 1 2 vapor pressure 1 2 no description Unknown optional vapor pressure 100 k 2 vapor pressure 100 k 2 no description Unknown optional vapor pressure 2 ref vapor pressure 2 ref no description Unknown optional vapor pressure 2 comment vapor pressure 2 comment no description Unknown optional vapor pressure 10 2 vapor pressure 10 2 no description Unknown optional vapor pressure 100 2 vapor pressure 100 2 no description Unknown optional vapor pressure 1 k 2 vapor pressure 1 k 2 no description Unknown optional vapor pressure 10 k 2 vapor pressure 10 k 2 no description Unknown optional atomic properties comment atomic properties comment no description Unknown optional atomic properties atomic properties no description Unknown optional electronegativity electronegativity no description Unknown optional electronegativity ref electronegativity ref no description Unknown optional electronegativity comment electronegativity comment no description Unknown optional ionization energy 1 ionization energy 1 no description Unknown optional ionization energy 1 ref ionization energy 1 ref no description Unknown optional ionization energy 1 comment ionization energy 1 comment no description Unknown optional ionization energy 2 ionization energy 2 no description Unknown optional ionization energy 2 ref ionization energy 2 ref no description Unknown optional ionization energy 2 comment ionization energy 2 comment no description Unknown optional ionization energy 3 ionization energy 3 no description Unknown optional ionization energy 3 ref ionization energy 3 ref no description Unknown optional ionization energy 3 comment ionization energy 3 comment no description Unknown optional number of ionization energies number of ionization energies no description Unknown optional ionization energy ref ionization energy ref no description Unknown optional ionization energy comment ionization energy comment no description Unknown optional atomic radius atomic radius no description Unknown optional atomic radius ref atomic radius ref no description Unknown optional atomic radius comment atomic radius comment no description Unknown optional atomic radius calculated atomic radius calculated no description Unknown optional atomic radius calculated ref atomic radius calculated ref no description Unknown optional atomic radius calculated comment atomic radius calculated comment no description Unknown optional covalent radius covalent radius no description Unknown optional covalent radius ref covalent radius ref no description Unknown optional covalent radius comment covalent radius comment no description Unknown optional Van der Waals radius Van der Waals radius no description Unknown optional Van der Waals radius ref Van der Waals radius ref no description Unknown optional Van der Waals radius comment Van der Waals radius comment no description Unknown optional crystal structure prefix crystal structure prefix no description Unknown optional crystal structure crystal structure no description Unknown optional crystal structure comment crystal structure comment no description Unknown optional crystal structure ref crystal structure ref no description Unknown optional lattice constant lattice constant no description Unknown optional crystal structure 2 prefix crystal structure 2 prefix no description Unknown optional crystal structure 2 crystal structure 2 no description Unknown optional crystal structure 2 comment crystal structure 2 comment no description Unknown optional crystal structure 2 ref crystal structure 2 ref no description Unknown optional lattice constant 2 lattice constant 2 no description Unknown optional speed of sound speed of sound no description Unknown optional speed of sound ref speed of sound ref no description Unknown optional speed of sound comment speed of sound comment no description Unknown optional speed of sound rod at 20 speed of sound rod at 20 no description Unknown optional speed of sound rod at 20 ref speed of sound rod at 20 ref no description Unknown optional speed of sound rod at 20 comment speed of sound rod at 20 comment no description Unknown optional speed of sound rod at r.t. speed of sound rod at r.t. no description Unknown optional speed of sound rod at r.t. ref speed of sound rod at r.t. ref no description Unknown optional speed of sound rod at r.t. comment speed of sound rod at r.t. comment no description Unknown optional thermal expansion thermal expansion no description Unknown optional thermal expansion ref thermal expansion ref no description Unknown optional thermal expansion comment thermal expansion comment no description Unknown optional thermal expansion at 25 thermal expansion at 25 no description Unknown optional thermal expansion at 25 ref thermal expansion at 25 ref no description Unknown optional thermal expansion at 25 comment thermal expansion at 25 comment no description Unknown optional thermal conductivity thermal conductivity no description Unknown optional thermal conductivity ref thermal conductivity ref no description Unknown optional thermal conductivity comment thermal conductivity comment no description Unknown optional thermal conductivity 2 thermal conductivity 2 no description Unknown optional thermal conductivity 2 ref thermal conductivity 2 ref no description Unknown optional thermal conductivity 2 comment thermal conductivity 2 comment no description Unknown optional thermal diffusivity thermal diffusivity no description Unknown optional thermal diffusivity ref thermal diffusivity ref no description Unknown optional thermal diffusivity comment thermal diffusivity comment no description Unknown optional electrical resistivity electrical resistivity no description Unknown optional electrical resistivity unit prefix electrical resistivity unit prefix no description Unknown optional electrical resistivity ref electrical resistivity ref no description Unknown optional electrical resistivity comment electrical resistivity comment no description Unknown optional electrical resistivity at 0 electrical resistivity at 0 no description Unknown optional electrical resistivity at 0 ref electrical resistivity at 0 ref no description Unknown optional electrical resistivity at 0 comment electrical resistivity at 0 comment no description Unknown optional electrical resistivity at 20 electrical resistivity at 20 no description Unknown optional electrical resistivity at 20 ref electrical resistivity at 20 ref no description Unknown optional electrical resistivity at 20 comment electrical resistivity at 20 comment no description Unknown optional band gap band gap no description Unknown optional band gap ref band gap ref no description Unknown optional band gap comment band gap comment no description Unknown optional Curie point K Curie point K no description Unknown optional Curie point ref Curie point ref no description Unknown optional Curie point comment Curie point comment no description Unknown optional magnetic ordering magnetic ordering no description Unknown optional magnetic ordering ref magnetic ordering ref no description Unknown optional magnetic ordering comment magnetic ordering comment no description Unknown optional magnetic susceptibility magnetic susceptibility no description Unknown optional magnetic susceptibility ref magnetic susceptibility ref no description Unknown optional tensile strength tensile strength no description Unknown optional tensile strength ref tensile strength ref no description Unknown optional tensile strength comment tensile strength comment no description Unknown optional Young's modulus Young's modulus no description Unknown optional Young's modulus ref Young's modulus ref no description Unknown optional Young's modulus comment Young's modulus comment no description Unknown optional Shear modulus Shear modulus no description Unknown optional Shear modulus ref Shear modulus ref no description Unknown optional Shear modulus comment Shear modulus comment no description Unknown optional Bulk modulus Bulk modulus no description Unknown optional Bulk modulus ref Bulk modulus ref no description Unknown optional Bulk modulus comment Bulk modulus comment no description Unknown optional Poisson ratio Poisson ratio no description Unknown optional Poisson ratio ref Poisson ratio ref no description Unknown optional Poisson ratio comment Poisson ratio comment no description Unknown optional Mohs hardness Mohs hardness no description Unknown optional Mohs hardness ref Mohs hardness ref no description Unknown optional Mohs hardness comment Mohs hardness comment no description Unknown optional Mohs hardness 2 Mohs hardness 2 no description Unknown optional Mohs hardness 2 ref Mohs hardness 2 ref no description Unknown optional Mohs hardness 2 comment Mohs hardness 2 comment no description Unknown optional Vickers hardness Vickers hardness no description Unknown optional Vickers hardness ref Vickers hardness ref no description Unknown optional Vickers hardness comment Vickers hardness comment no description Unknown optional Brinell hardness Brinell hardness no description Unknown optional Brinell hardness ref Brinell hardness ref no description Unknown optional Brinell hardness comment Brinell hardness comment no description Unknown optional CAS number CAS number no description Unknown optional CAS number ref CAS number ref no description Unknown optional CAS number comment CAS number comment no description Unknown optional naming naming no description Unknown optional predicted by predicted by no description Unknown optional prediction date prediction date no description Unknown optional discovered by discovered by no description Unknown optional discovery date discovery date no description Unknown optional first isolation by first isolation by no description Unknown optional first isolation date first isolation date no description Unknown optional named by named by no description Unknown optional named date named date no description Unknown optional history comment history comment no description Unknown optional prediction date ref prediction date ref no description Unknown optional discovery and first isolation by discovery and first isolation by no description Unknown optional discovery date ref discovery date ref no description Unknown optional first isolation date ref first isolation date ref no description Unknown optional named date ref named date ref no description Unknown optional history comment label history comment label no description Unknown optional theoretical isotopes comment theoretical isotopes comment no description Unknown optional Z Z no description Unknown optional density conditions density conditions no description Unknown optional density density no description Unknown optional lattice constants lattice constants no description Unknown optional crystal structure Pearson symbol crystal structure Pearson symbol no description Unknown optional lattice constants 2 lattice constants 2 no description Unknown optional crystal structure 2 Pearson symbol crystal structure 2 Pearson symbol no description Unknown optional

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See also

• {{Infobox element}}
• {{Infobox element/element navigation}} (|symbol=, useful links in top of this page)

Tracking categories

• Category:Element infobox templates that need attention (0)
• Category:Pages using infobox element with unknown parameters (3)

Index by periodic table

• {{Periodic table templates overview}}
• {{Index to chemical element pages}}

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