Idrohino

Hydrogen, ₁H
	Purple glow in its plasma state
Hydrogen
Appearance	Colorless gas
Standard atomic weight Ar°(H)
	[1.00784, 1.00811]; 1.0080±0.0002 (pinaikli);
Hydrogen sa talahanayang peryodiko
	(none) ← hydrogen → helium
Atomikong bilang (Z)	1
Group	1
Period	1
Block	s-block
Electron configuration	1s1
Electrons per shell	1
Physical properties
Phase at STP	gas
Melting point	(H2) 13.99 K (−259.16 °C, −434.49 °F)
Boiling point	(H2) 20.271 K (−252.879 °C, −423.182 °F)
Density (at STP)	0.08988 g/L
when liquid (at m.p.)	0.07 g/cm3 (solid: 0.0763 g/cm3)
when liquid (at b.p.)	0.07099 g/cm3
Triple point	13.8033 K, 7.041 kPa
Critical point	32.938 K, 1.2858 MPa
Heat of fusion	(H2) 0.117 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	(H2) 0.904 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	(H2) 28.836 J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	−1, +1 (isang anpoterong oksido)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 2.20
Ionization energies	1st: 1312.0 kJ/mol ; ;
Covalent radius	31±5 pm
Van der Waals radius	120 pm
	Mga linyang espektral ng hydrogen
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordiyal
Crystal structure	hexagonal (hP4)
Lattice constants	a = 378.97 pm; c = 618.31 pm (at triple point)
Thermal conductivity	0.1805 W/(m⋅K)
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic
Molar magnetic susceptibility	−3.98×10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)
Speed of sound	1310 m/s (gas, 27 °C)
CAS Number	12385-13-6 ; 1333-74-0 (H2)
History
Discovery	Henry Cavendish (1766)
Named by	Louis-Bernard Guyton de Morveau; Antoine Lavoisier (1787)
Isotopes of hydrogen t; b;
	Kategorya: Hydrogen; tingnan; usapan; baguhin; \| references

Ang hidroheno (Ingles: hydrogen; Espanyol: hidrógeno) ay isang elementong kimikal sa talahanayang peryodiko na sinasagisag ng simbolong H at nagtataglay ng atomikong bilang 1.

Natuklasan ito ni Henry Cavendish noong 1766. Kabilang rin sa mga angking katangian nitong pagkakaroon ng atomikong bilang na 1, atomikong timbang na 1.00797, punto ng pagkatunaw na 259.14 °C, punto ng pagkulong 252.5 °C, densidad na = 0.08988 gramo sa bawat litro, at balensiyang 1.^[11]

Idrohino

Sa karaniwang temperatura at presyon ito ay walang kulay, walang amoy, hindi metaliko, nagtataglay ng isang balensiyang elektron, at mabilis magdingas o magsiklab kung nasa porma ng diyatomikong gas (may dalawahang atomo). Ito rin ang pinakamagaan at pinakamarami o pinakamalaganp na elementong likas sa buong mundo at maging sa buong sansinukob.^[11] Matatagpuan ang idroheno sa tubig at sa lahat ng organikong kawi at maging sa lahat ng may bahay na may buhay. Ang idroheno din ay may kakayahan na magkaroon ng reaksiyon sa kimikal na pamamaraan sa napakaraming elemento. Maging ang mga bituin ay nagtataglay ng idroheno sa kanilang plasmang estado. Ang elemento ring ito ang ginagamit sa paggawa ng amonya — isa alternatibong panggatong at sa kasalukuyan ay mas mabisang pinanggagalingan ng mga selulang panggatong (mga fuel cell).

Nagagamit ang hidroheno sa paggawa ng sintetikong amonya at metanol. Ginagamit din ito sa pagrerepina o pagdadalisay ng petrolyo, sa hidrohenasyon ng mga materyal na organiko, at maging sa pagpapasindi ng mga sulong oksihidroheno. Sangkap din ito sa mga panggatong na pangkuwitis.^[11]

Etimolohiya ng salitang hidroheno

Hango ang salitang hidroheno mula sa Kastilang salita na hidrógeno na nagmula naman sa salitang Latin na hydrogenium na hango naman sa katagang Griyego na hydro: tubig at genes: nabubuo.

Tingnan din

Mga sanggunian

↑ "Standard Atomic Weights: Hydrogen" (sa wikang Ingles). CIAAW. 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry (sa wikang Ingles). doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Wiberg, Egon; Wiberg, Nils; Holleman, Arnold Frederick (2001). Inorganic chemistry. Academic Press. p. 240. ISBN 978-0123526519.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Lide, D. R., pat. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (ika-86th (na) edisyon). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-0486-6.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 978-0-8493-0464-4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ "Hydrogen". Van Nostrand's Encyclopedia of Chemistry. Wylie-Interscience. 2005. pp. 797–799. ISBN 978-0-471-61525-5.{{cite ensiklopedya}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Emsley, John (2001). Nature's Building Blocks. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 183–191. ISBN 978-0-19-850341-5.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Miśkowiec, Paweł (Abril 2023). "Name game: The naming history of the chemical elements—part 1—from antiquity till the end of 18th century". Foundations of Chemistry. 25 (1): 29–51. doi:10.1007/s10698-022-09448-5.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Stwertka, Albert (1996). A Guide to the Elements. Oxford University Press. pp. 16–21. ISBN 978-0-19-508083-4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ ^11.0 ^11.1 ^11.2 Gaboy, Luciano L. Hydrogen, hidroheno - Gabby's Dictionary: Praktikal na Talahuluganang Ingles-Filipino ni Gabby/Gabby's Practical English-Filipino Dictionary, GabbyDictionary.com.

Lahat sa wikang Ingles:

Los Alamos National Laboratory – Hydrogen Naka-arkibo 2010-01-11 sa Wayback Machine.
RIKEN Beam Science Laboratory, Japan - Heavy hydrogen research Naka-arkibo 2007-08-03 sa Wayback Machine.
Nuclides and Isotopes Naka-arkibo 2011-02-02 sa Wayback Machine. Fourteenth Edition: Chart of the Nuclides, General Electric Company, 1989

Mga kawing panlabas

Lahat sa wikang Ingles:

Wiktionary – Hydrogen in different languages
WebElements.com – Hydrogen
EnvironmentalChemistry.com – Hydrogen
It's Elemental – Hydrogen
Pictures of Hydrogen Naka-arkibo 2010-05-04 sa Wayback Machine.
The Hydrogen Expedition Naka-arkibo 2017-06-27 sa Wayback Machine.
Hydrogen H2 Properties, Uses, Applications
The Hydrogen Expedition Naka-arkibo 2017-06-27 sa Wayback Machine.

[1] "Standard Atomic Weights: Hydrogen" (sa wikang Ingles). CIAAW. 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[CIAAW2021-2] Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry (sa wikang Ingles). doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[3] Wiberg, Egon; Wiberg, Nils; Holleman, Arnold Frederick (2001). Inorganic chemistry. Academic Press. p. 240. ISBN 978-0123526519.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[Arblaster_2018-4] Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[5] Lide, D. R., pat. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (ika-86th (na) edisyon). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-0486-6.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[6] Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 978-0-8493-0464-4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[Nostrand-7] "Hydrogen". Van Nostrand's Encyclopedia of Chemistry. Wylie-Interscience. 2005. pp. 797–799. ISBN 978-0-471-61525-5.{{cite ensiklopedya}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[nbb-8] Emsley, John (2001). Nature's Building Blocks. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 183–191. ISBN 978-0-19-850341-5.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[9] Miśkowiec, Paweł (Abril 2023). "Name game: The naming history of the chemical elements—part 1—from antiquity till the end of 18th century". Foundations of Chemistry. 25 (1): 29–51. doi:10.1007/s10698-022-09448-5.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[Stwertka-10] Stwertka, Albert (1996). A Guide to the Elements. Oxford University Press. pp. 16–21. ISBN 978-0-19-508083-4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[Gaboy-11] 11.0 ^11.1 ^11.2 Gaboy, Luciano L. Hydrogen, hidroheno - Gabby's Dictionary: Praktikal na Talahuluganang Ingles-Filipino ni Gabby/Gabby's Practical English-Filipino Dictionary, GabbyDictionary.com.

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